16 weekly sessions conducted by certified nutritionists certified in behavioural modification, and self-care techniques, including self-monitoring, healthy nutrition, physical activity, problem solving, relapse prevention, self-reinforcement, long-term motivation, and stress management

16 weekly sessions conducted by certified diabetes educators including: diabetes knowledge, nutrition, exercise, goal establishment in diabetes, problem solving, relapse prevention, self-monitoring, family and sexuality in diabetes, emotional management in diabetes, and stress management. Patients established their own goals

Type 2 Diabetes

Intensive Life-Style

Collaborative Education

Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, IMSS

Intensive Life-Style Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

The Effectiveness of an Intensive Life-Style Intervention Compared to an Collaborative Educational Intervention On Metabolic Control, and Its Impact on Weight, Physical Activity, Quality of Life, Self-Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Proportion of patients attaining pre-specified goals:
A1c < 7%, LDL cholesterol < 100 mg/dl, blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg.

Body Weight, reduction in abdominal girdle,HDL, Triglycerides

Quality of life as assessed by the Jacobson Diabetes Quality of Life Measure

Well-being by the 22 item Bradleys Well-Being Questionnaire

Self Efficacy with the Attitudes in Diabetes Questionnaire of Anderson, Funnel, Fitzgerald and Marrero

Mireya Gamiochipi Cano

Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Mexico

Training program lasting 36 weeks with assistance 3 times a week with 70 minutes per intervention, where 10 minutes were warm up (breathing exercises, walking, stretching), 30 minutes of continuous aerobic training at moderate intensity - MICT (60 -80% FCM), 20 minutes of strength training (40-60% maximum strength) with dumbbells and theraban. And the last 10 minutes were for cooling (exercises coordination, balance, walking and breathing exercises).
Regarding the MICT training, this was done with fast walk or jog in endless band with the floor tilted to reach the desired intensity. Also by bicycle, rowing and elliptical. During the entire intervention the participants was monitored by a Polar Multisport RS800CX, oximetry and with the Borg scale to avoid exceeding the training intensity (60-80% FCM, 6 to 8 Borg).

Training program lasting 36 weeks with assistance 3 times a week with 70 minutes per intervention, where 10 minutes were warm up (breathing exercises, walking, stretching), 30 minutes of continuous aerobic training at moderate intensity (60 -80% FCM), 20 minutes of strength training (40-60% maximum strength) with dumbbells and theraban. And the last 10 minutes were for cooling (exercises coordination, balance, walking and breathing exercises).
Concerning the HIIT training, it consisted of an intensity of interval training. That is, the participants who underwent 30 minutes of aerobic exercise consisted of a protocol created for this experimental group, which we named 30-30. 30 seconds at moderate intensity (60-80% FCM) and 30 seconds at high intensity (80-90%).

This group did not perform supervised exercise nor were they given exercise recipes or formal intervention programs. Only continued with the usual care and gave directions to maintain a healthy lifestyle based on proper nutrition and usual activities. It is highlighted that in the institutions where the patients of the 3 groups attended, there is not a physical training area supervised by a professional. Therefore, the intervention protocol was not excluded or denied to the participants of the control group, but continuity and supervision was given for investigative purposes to its process and treatment. In addition, none of the 3 groups stopped their medical treatment or that of the other professionals that make up the interdisciplinary team.

Cancer

Fatigue

Sarcopenia

70 minutes for intervention, where 10 minutes were warm up (breathing exercises, walking, stretching), 30 minutes of continuous aerobic training at moderate intensity (60-80% FCM), with fast walking or endless tread with the floor inclined to reach the desired intensity. Also on bicycle, rowing and elliptical; Then, 20 minutes of strength training (40-60% maximum strength) with dumbbells and theraban. Ends with 10 minutes of cooling with walking and breathing exercises.

Group continuous training at moderate intensity

70 minutes for intervention, where 10 minutes were for warm-up (Respiratory exercises, walking, stretching), 30 minutes consisted of an intensity of interval training. That is, the participants who underwent 30 minutes of aerobic exercise consisted of a protocol created for this experimental group that we named 30-30. 30 seconds at moderate intensity (60-80% FCM) and 30 seconds at high intensity (80-90%). ; Then, 20 minutes of strength training (40-60% maximum strength) with dumbbells and theraban. Ends with 10 minutes of cooling with walking and breathing exercises.

Group high Intensity Interval Training

This group did not perform supervised exercise nor were they given exercise recipes or formal intervention programs. Only continued with the usual care and gave directions to maintain a healthy lifestyle based on proper nutrition and usual activities.

Group control

MODERATE CONTINUOUS TRAINING VERSUS HIIT IN CANCER STADIUM II.

MODERATE CONTINUOUS TRAINING VERSUS HIIT ON CARDIOMETABOLIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLES IN CANCER STADIUM II.CONTROLLED RANDOMIZED TRIAL

it is the most important measure of cardiac functioning. This value, expressed as a percentage, measures the decrease in the volume of the left ventricle of the heart in systole, with respect to the diastole. The normal values are higher than 45%.

It is the maximum capacity that the heart has to contract and we determine it by means of an effort test. The Maximum heart rate can be determined by formula or in a effort test (In the present investigation) which consists in mounting the participant in an endless band with an inclination and speed determined according to the protocol for said test. The test is stopped when the participant. indicates that it can not be more or there are electrocardiographic alterations that indicate that it is the participant's maximum.

How much body weight (kg) pre and post intervention

it is a mathematical reason that associates the mass and the size of an individual. it is also known as the Quetelet index. This result is determined by the formula of weight/square size.

It is the measurement of the distance around the abdomen at a specific point. Abdominal circumference is used to diagnose and monitor abdominal obesity. The values are in centimeters and according to the population to be studied, the measurements must be less than 90cm for men and 80cm for women.

Percentage of body fat is considered a measure to determine the level of body fat and a high percentage is a risk factor that triggers multiple chronic diseases. This measure can be determined in many ways but in our study it was used by means of bioimpedance. The normal values for men and women depend on the age of the patients and the manufacturer of the scale.

Muscle percentage is considered a measure to determine the level of muscle in the body and a low percentage is a risk factor that indicates sarcopenia and is associated with a decrease in quality of life. This measure can be determined in many ways but in our study it was used by means of bioimpedance. The normal values for men and women depend on the age of the patients and the manufacturer of the scale.

Psychological alteration that can be determined by the "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale". This scale consists of a series of questions for depression and others for anxiety. The final grade is in the range of 1 to 10 and for the diagnosis of depression or anxiety the result must be greater than or equal to 8.

Strength is the physical ability to perform a job or a movement. It can be assessed with 1 maximum repetition and the maximum weight the participant manages to lift will be the reference value for his prescription. In addition, muscle strength can be assessed by dynamometry and indicates low, normal or high muscle strength. Their values depend on the age and sex of the participant.

Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of muscle mass and strength as you get older. It is of high prevalence in patients with cancer. Sarcopenia is assessed according to the European Consensus on Sarcopenia (2010) who presented a diagnostic algorithm based on three criteria. Exploration of gait, muscle strength and muscle mass.
For the first criterion, we use the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). For the second criterion, the muscular strength, the dynamometry test is used (See force section). And in a final criterion, the muscle mass was assessed using the body mass index and the circumference of the calf, taking as a cut-off point the 31 cm.

Fatigue was assessed using the FACT-Fatigue Scale Scale (Fatigue Scale of the Functional Evaluation of Cancer Therapy), which is an inventory of 13 items that assesses the severity of cancer-associated fatigue (FAC) in the last week. with a scale of 0 to 4 and that with higher scores reflect a lower FAC.

For the quality of life, it is necessary to use the questionnaire called EORTC QLQ-C30 (Version 3), which has 30 questions, where each question will go with a score of 1 to 4 and the higher the final result the better the quality of life. participant's life

It is part of the measures to determine the lipid profile of a person and serves to determine different types of dyslipidemia. This item is obtained by means of a blood sample analyzed in a clinical laboratory and the result obtained by a professional for this purpose. Values above 200 mg/dl are indicative of a lipid alteration.

It is part of the measures to determine the lipid profile of a person and serves to determine different types of dyslipidemia. This item is obtained by means of a blood sample analyzed in a clinical laboratory and the result obtained by a professional for this purpose. Values above 150 mg/dl are indicative of a lipid alteration.

It is part of the measures to determine the lipid profile of a person and serves to determine different types of dyslipidemia. This item is obtained by means of a blood sample analyzed in a clinical laboratory and the result obtained by a professional for this purpose. Values above 100 mg/dl are indicative of a lipid alteration.

It is part of the measures to determine the lipid profile of a person and serves to determine different types of dyslipidemia.This item is obtained by means of a blood sample analyzed in a clinical laboratory and the result obtained by a professional for this purpose. Values lower than 40 mg/dl are indicative of a lipid alteration.

It is used to determine blood glucose levels and its high values are indicative for diabetes mellitus. This item is obtained by means of a blood sample analyzed in a clinical laboratory and the result obtained by a professional for this purpose. Values lower than 126 mg/dl are indicative of diabetes mellitus.

It is the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can absorb, transport and consume in a given time, is the blood that our body can transport and metabolize. To determine the Vo2 values, the 6-minute walking test is used and to determine the result of the test, formulas are used according to the meters traveled, age, sex, height and weight of the participant. The larger the meters traveled, the greater the vo2.

It is the unit of measurement of the metabolic index (amount of energy consumed by an individual in a resting situation). To determine the METs values, the 6-minute walking test is used and to determine the result of the test, formulas are used according to the meters traveled, age, sex, height and weight of the participant. The larger the meters traveled, the greater the METs.

Distance traveled in this of 6 minute walk test. The larger the meters traveled, this will indicate better Vo2, METs and aerobic and physical capacity in the participant.

Dyspnea is a respiratory difficulty that usually translates into shortness of breath. Dyspnea can be determined using the original Borg scale (Score from 0 to 20) or modified (Score from 0 to 10), in which the higher the number indicated by the participant, the higher the degree of dyspnea.

Initially, it is an issue that depends on the hospital institution where the research was conducted due to the personal data of the patients and the confidentiality of the institution. Therefore, initially it would be to talk with the patients, the institution and all the researchers. Mainly with the clinic because it is a bit jealous with your information.

Javier Eliecer Pereira Rodriguez

Physiotherapist, specialist in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, magister in health sciences, university professor.

University Tolteca

1573 cancer patients, who, after the exclusion criteria, 812 patients with stage II cancer finally started the investigation and were organized into 3 groups. The present, was distributed with a basic probabilistic sampling by means of a table of random numbers, whose order was randomized through the program Microsoft Excel 16.0, being the experimental group 1 with 270 participants (MICT + strength training), 275 participants in experimental group 2 (HIIT + strength training) and control group with 267 (verbal recommendations on exercise, diet, follow-up via telephone call and carrying out activities of daily living).

bola/triglyceride

Intensive Life-Style Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

MODERATE CONTINUOUS TRAINING VERSUS HIIT IN CANCER STADIUM II.

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