esophageal achalasia/nikotinas

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Achalasia: a risk factor that must not be forgotten for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

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Alcohol and tobacco abuse are the main risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but other conditions that induce chronic irritation of the esophageal mucosa have also been attributed to it. For example, long-standing achalasia increases 16 times the risk of developing ESCC. We

Mutational profile of TP53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with chagasic megaesophagus.

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Chaga's disease is an important communicable neglected disease that is gaining wider attention due to its increasing incidence worldwide. Achalasia due to chagasic megaesophagus (CM), a complication of this disease, is a known-yet, poorly understood-etiological factor for esophageal squamous cell

Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus.

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Cancer of the oesophagus has great diversity in geographical distribution and incidence. The rate of oesophageal cancer has been increasing in some areas and the reasons for this are not clear. This review outlines fascinating epidemiological aspects and the risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma

Mediastinal lymph node detection with endosonography.

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Eighty-two persons with chronic abdominal pain, submucosal or extrinsic masses, or achalasia and 20 volunteers without symptoms were prospectively examined with endosonography to assess the incidence and features of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. In 99 persons without malignant disease, 86% were found

Expression of ki-67 antigen and caspase-3 protein in benign lesions and esophageal carcinoma.

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BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate apoptosis and cell proliferation alterations in esophageal benign lesions in comparison to esophageal carcinomas. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed for caspase-3 protein (CPP32) and Ki-67 antigen expression in the esophageal mucosa from

Epidemiology and clinical aspects of esophageal cancer.

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A review of the literature is done about the epidemiology and aetiology of esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer is a relatively uncommon neoplasm in Western countries with a very poor prognosis. In industrialized countries alcohol and tobacco are the major risk factors. Nutritional factors play also

Anatomy and physiology of the esophagus.

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Modern diagnosis and treatment of esophageal disease is a result of progress in assessing the anatomy and physiology of the esophagus, as well as refinements in anesthetic and surgical techniques. Esophageal carcinoma spreads rapidly and metastasizes easily. The tendency for early spread and the

Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a review and update.

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus is an often-lethal disease that most commonly presents in an advanced stage with dysphagia in elderly patients. Known risk factors include alcohol and tobacco abuse, lye stricture, and achalasia. Screening protocols for high-risk patients are practiced

[The etiopathogenesis of esophageal cancer].

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Cancer of the oesophagus is a challenging clinical problem. Overall survival is poor, but patients who present early are eminently curable. Most cancers of the middle and upper oesophagus are squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer of the third of the oesophagus; this is

Screening diagnosis and staging of esophageal cancer.

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In geographic areas where there is a high risk of esophageal cancer, analysis of cells obtained from the esophagus has been used effectively to detect early lesions. This has been demonstrated on a large scale in studies from China. Using abrasive balloon cytology techniques, 75% of the cancers

Primary esophageal carcinoma in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

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BACKGROUND As human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals are living longer, non-AIDS-defining cancers are becoming increasingly recognized. Primary esophageal tumors in people living with HIV have seldom been reported. We sought to document patient, virologic, and tumor characteristics

Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a prevalent and under-recognized condition in the gastroenterology outpatient clinic.

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BACKGROUND Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) characterized by intermittent episodes of nausea and vomiting. Our aim was to report its prevalence and associated features. METHODS Data concerning demographics, symptoms, and psychiatric comorbidity were

Environmental causes of esophageal cancer.

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This article reviews the environmental risk factors and predisposing conditions for the two main histologic types of esophageal cancer. Tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drinking maté, low intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, achalasia, and low socioeconomic status increase the risk

Paraneoplastic and oncologic profiles of patients seropositive for type 1 antineuronal nuclear autoantibodies.

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Type 1 antineuronal nuclear autoantibody (ANNA-1, also known as "anti-Hu") is a marker of neurologic autoimmunity that is highly associated with small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). To determine the spectrum of symptoms and signs as well as the frequency of cancer in adult patients who are seropositive

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