Lappuse 1 no 35 rezultātiem
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a byproduct of normal metabolism and play important roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. Mitochondria, the main organelles involved in intracellular ROS production, play central roles in modulating redox-dependent cellular processes such as metabolism and
A metabolic abnormality in lipid biosynthesis is frequently associated with obesity and hyperlipidemia. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH) is an essential reducing equivalent for numerous enzymes required in fat and cholesterol biosynthesis. Cytosolic NADP(+)-dependent
Obesity impacts the endocrine and metabolic functions of the adipose tissue. There is increasing interest in the role of epigenetic factors in obesity and its impact on diabetes and dyslipidemia. One such substance, miR-181, reduces plasma triglyceride levels in mice by targeting isocitrate
Over activity of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) plays a key role in increasing the incidence of obesity-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Tissue proteome analysis has been applied to investigate the bioinformatics regarding the mode of action and therapeutic mechanism. The aim of this
Today's developed world faces a major public health challenge in the rise in the obese population and the increased incidence in fatty liver disease. There is a strong association among diet induced obesity, fatty liver disease and development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis but the environmental
Environmental (b2) and genetic heritability (h2) of serum isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) were estimated in 96 pairs of healthy twins according to a path analysis model. The results showed significant heritability (0.42) and a very low environmental component (based on obesity and level of habitual
We evaluated the effects of phenobarbital, an inducer, on plasma glucose and serum immunoreactive insulin levels and on hepatic glucose and drug metabolism using an animal model of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Genetically obese (ob/ob) mice, characterized by hyperglycaemia,
In order to obtain a quantitative estimate of the capacity of the pancreatic islets for provision of cytoplasmic acetyl-coenzyme A and for the turnover of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and its reduced form (NADP+/NADPH), the following enzymes were assayed in islets taken from New
In the adipose tissue, besides fatty acid synthesis (FA-S) from glucose, which includes several mitochondrial steps, FA-S from glutamate has been demonstrated. FA-S from glutamate takes place in the cytosol through the backward pathway of Krebs cycle (BPKC) and is due to the sequential action of (1)
Abnormal glucose handling has emerged as a major clinical problem in millions of diabetic patients worldwide. Insulin resistance affects especially one of the main target organs of this hormone, the skeletal musculature, making impaired glucose metabolism in contractile fibres a major feature of
Obesity and diabetes mellitus are the leading causes of renal disease. In this study, we determined the regulation and role of the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5, previously shown to be regulated by high glucose and/or fatty acids, in obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) and diabetic
The present study aims to determine the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on brown adipose tissue (BAT) mitochondrial function in a state of obesity induced by diet. Wistar male rats were fed with a cafeteria diet (Cd) for 4 months; during the last 21 d, two groups were treated
Eucommia leaves (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) contain chlorogenic acid (a caffeic acid derivative) and geniposidic acid and asperuloside (ASP), iridoid glucosides used in beverages. We used a metabolic syndrome rat model, produced by feeding a 35 % high-fat diet (HFD), to examine potential anti-obesity
Increasingly, evidence suggests that exposure to maternal obesity creates an inflammatory environment in utero, exerting long-lasting postnatal signatures on the juvenile innate immune system and microbiome that may predispose offspring to development of fatty liver disease. We found that exposure