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Phosphatidic acid (PA) is an important lipid signaling molecule which interacts with Arabidopsis thaliana Sphingosine kinase1 (AtSPHK1) during several abiotic stresses particularly drought stress as a result of Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in guard cells. PA molecules respond by generating lipid
Previous work has demonstrated that plant leaf polar lipid fatty acid composition varies during the diurnal (dark-light) cycle. Fatty acid synthesis occurs primarily during the light, but fatty acid desaturation continues in the absence of light, resulting in polyunsaturated fatty acids reaching
The thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast harbor the photosynthetic machinery that converts light into chemical energy. Chloroplast membranes are unique in their lipid makeup, which is dominated by the galactolipids mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG and DGDG). The most abundant
Phospholipids are the crucial components of biological membranes and signal transduction. Among different tissues, flower phospholipids are one of the least characterized features of plant lipidome. Here, we report that floral reproductive organs of Arabidopsis thaliana contain high levels of
PA (phosphatidic acid) is a lipid second messenger involved in an array of processes occurring during a plant's life cycle. These include development, metabolism, and both biotic and abiotic stress responses. PA levels increase in response to salt, but little is known about its function in the
• Phospholipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (PA) and a head group, and is involved in the response to various environmental stresses, including salinity. Here, we determined the roles of PLDα and PA in the mediation of salt (NaCl)-stress signaling through the
Phosphatidic acid (PA) functions as a lipid signaling molecule in plants. Physiological analysis showed that PA triggers early signal transduction events that lead to responses to abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination. We measured PA production during seed germination and found increased PA
Phospholipase D (PLD) and its cleavage product phosphatidic acid (PA) are crucial in plant stress-signalling. Although some targets of PLD and PA have been identified, the signalling pathway is still enigmatic. This study demonstrates that the phosphoprotein At5g39570, now called PLD-regulated
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Lipidomics plays an important role in understanding plant adaptation to different stresses and improving our knowledge of the genes underlying lipid metabolism. Lipidomics involves lipid extraction, sample preparation, mass spectrometry analysis, and data interpretation. One of the
Circadian clocks play important roles in regulating cellular metabolism, but the reciprocal effect that metabolism has on the clock is largely unknown in plants. Here, we show that the central glycerolipid metabolite and lipid mediator phosphatidic acid (PA) interacts with and modulates the function
Most of plant phospholipases D (PLD) exhibit a C2-lipid binding domain of around 130 amino acid residues at their N-terminal region, involved in their Ca2+-dependent membrane binding. In this study, we expressed and partially purified catalytically active PLDα from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPLDα) in
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as responses to various environmental stimuli. Several PA targets in plant cells were identified, including two SNF1-related protein kinases 2 (SnRK2s), SnRK2.10 and SnRK2.4, which are not activated by
Phosphatidic acids (PAs) are a key intermediate in phospholipid biosynthesis, and a central element in numerous signalling pathways. Functions of PAs are related to their fundamental role in molecular interactions within cell membranes modifying membrane bending, budding, fission and fusion. Here we
Diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) is a novel phospholipid that has been found in plants and yeast but not in higher animals. It is produced through phosphorylation of phosphatidic acid (PA) by the novel enzyme PA kinase (PAK). In plants, DGPP is virtually absent in non-stimulated cells but its
In response to elevated temperatures, plants alter the activities of enzymes that affect lipid composition. While it has long been known that plant leaf membrane lipids become less unsaturated in response to heat, other changes, including polygalactosylation of galactolipids, head group acylation of