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Corn syrup - a commercial product derived from saccharification of corn starch - was used to produce acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) by Clostridium spp. Screening of commercial Clostridium spp., substrate inhibition tests and fed-batch experiments were carried out to improve ABE
In this article we report on acetone butanol ethanol (ABE) fermentation characteristics of degermed corn when using Clostridium beijerinckii BA101. Recent economic studies suggested that recovery of germ from corn and hence corn oil would help to make the ABE fermentation process more economical. C.
The stems of Zea mays L., otherwise known as cornstalks, were extracted with 80 % aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was successively partitioned with ethyl acetate (EtOAc), normal butanol, and water. From the EtOAc fraction, a new lignan along with three known flavonoids, tricin (1),
In the present study, the involvement of phospholipase C and D (PLC and PLD) pathways in the asymmetric divisions that produce the stomatal complexes of Zea mays was investigated. In particular, the polar organization of microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs) and the process of asymmetric
The glucolipids formed upon feeding (U-(14)C)glucose to embryos of Zea mays were partially characterized with respect to: (a) metabolic turnover, (b) acid lability, (c) phosphorus content, (d) chromatographic properties, and (e) hydrolysis products. The chloroform-methanol-soluble assimilated
A gene encoding a synthetic truncated Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was generated via automated PCR and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Western blot analysis detected five truncated CALB variants, suggesting multiple translation starts from the six in-frame ATG codons. The longest open
The oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. Corn silk is a traditional medicine used to treat DM. The aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant capacity of corn silk, as well as its inhibitory potential on DM and diabetic
It has been known that feeding of high-fat diets increases in intestinal and serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in rats. This phenomenon is regarded as an indirect evidence for a participation of intestinal AP (I-AP) in regard to fat absorption. This study was performed to clarify the role of
A new analytical methodology based on capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS(2)) is presented in this work, enabling the identification and determination of six non-protein amino acids (ornithine, β-alanine, GABA, alloisoleucine, citrulline and pyroglutamic acid) in vegetable oils. This
High MTBE exposures caused rat Leydig cell (LC) tumors in inhalation and gavage cancer bioassays. Investigating early endocrine changes consistent with known mechanisms of LC carcinogenesis, we gavaged adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with MTBE in five different subchronic experiments and studied
Administration of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) orally at either 0.5 g or 1 g/kg daily for 14 days to rats did not produce any DNA adducts in the forestomach as measured by the 32P-postlabeling method using (1) limiting concentrations of 32P-ATP; (2) nuclease P1 enhancement; or (3) butanol
t-Butyl perbenzoate (t-BP) is a relatively stable, lipid-soluble, organic peroxide widely used in the polymer industry. Studies were designed to determine the stability of t-BP in various biological media, its dermal absorption and distribution in intact animals, and the toxicity of t-BP when
The process of biodiesel production from corn oil catalyzed by lipozyme TL IM, an inexpensive 1,3-position specific lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to study the effects of enzyme dosage,
The effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on lung neoplasia induced by the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) were assessed in an A/J mouse pulmonary adenoma bioassay. Mice were administered corn oil or I3C (25 or 125 mumol/mouse/day) by gavage for 4
After the application of 2.36 Curies per millimole [2,3-(3)H]gibberellin A(20) (GA(20)) to 21-day-old maize (Zea mays L., hybrid CM7 x CM49) plants, etiolated maize seedlings, or maturing maize cobs, a number of (3)H-metabolites were observed. The principal acidic (pH 3.0), ethyl acetate-soluble