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Deep retinal capillary ischemia (DRCI) is a recently described entity in patients presenting with an acute-onset paracentral scotoma. Subclinical macular lesions of DRCI were formerly best visualized on near-infrared reflectance imaging. The development of optical coherence tomography angiography
Diabetes is regarded by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a global epidemic, with the global diabetic population anticipated to exceed 500 million by 2020. In the UK there are over 3.5 million people who have diabetes with a growth rate exceeding 150,000 people per year. Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy are the main causes of visual loss. Hyperglycemia as the main risk factor of diabetic retinopathy induced damage to retinal capillaries. These in turn lead to hypoxia in the tissue and promote the release of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) , which in
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease in developed countries, with prevalence estimates ranging between 2 to 5% of the world's population. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema are common microvascular complications in diabetic patients and may lead to decreasing of visual
Introduction:
The endothelial growth factor (VEGF), was identified for the first time in the liquid of ascitis in Guinean pigs (6,7). It is a dimeric glycoprotein, naturally expressed in epithelial and tumor cells (1). It's over expression during retinal hypoxia (9), has been implied in the genesis
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to be induced by hypoxia and has been implicated in the development of iris and retinal vascularization. VEGF, however, is also known to be a potent mediator of vascular permeability in other tissues and may perform this function in
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in developed countries throughout the world.The beneficial therapeutic effect of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)in the treatment of AMD is modest. The treatment benefit of PDT may be moderated by PDT-induced,