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Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to defects in the function of pancreatic beta-cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels.

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BACKGROUND Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital overgrowth syndrome that is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia occurs in about 50% of children with BWS and, in the majority of infants, it resolves spontaneously. However, in a small group of patients

Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. Recent insights into ATP-sensitive potassium channels, sulfonylurea receptors, molecular mechanisms, and treatment.

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Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI), previously termed "nesidioblastosis," is an important cause of hypoglycemia in infancy and childhood. Recent studies have defined this syndrome at the molecular, genetic, and clinical level. This article reviews the genetic and molecular

A point mutation inactivating the sulfonylurea receptor causes the severe form of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy in Finland.

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Mutations in genes encoding the ATP-regulated potassium (K(ATP)) channels of the pancreatic beta-cell (SUR1 and Kir6.2) are the major known cause of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI). We collected all cases of PHHI diagnosed in Finland between 1983 and 1997 (n = 24). The

Functional analysis of a mutant sulfonylurea receptor, SUR1-R1420C, that is responsible for persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

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The ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)(+)) channel is crucial for the regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cell, and mutations in either the sulfonylurea receptor type 1 (SUR1) or Kir6. 2 subunit of this channel can cause persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI).

Severe congenital hyperinsulinism caused by a mutation in the Kir6.2 subunit of the adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel impairing trafficking and function.

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BACKGROUND The ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel, assembled from the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir6.2 and the sulfonylurea receptor 1, regulates insulin secretion in beta-cells. A loss of function of K(ATP) channels causes depolarization of beta-cells and congenital

Noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia: a novel syndrome of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adults independent of mutations in Kir6.2 and SUR1 genes.

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In adults, endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is almost invariably due to insulinoma. In these patients with insulinoma, neuroglycopenic episodes exclusively after meal ingestion and negative 72-h fasts are extraordinarily rare. We describe five adults with neuroglycopenic episodes from

A New Familial Form of a Late-onset, Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy caused by a Novel Mutation in KCNJ11.

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The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) functions as a metabo-electric transducer in regulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. The pancreatic KATP channel is composed of a pore-forming inwardly-rectifying potassium channel, Kir6.2, and a regulatory subunit, sulphonylurea receptor 1

Characterization of genes encoding the pancreatic beta-cell ATP-sensitive K+ channel in persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy in Japanese patients.

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Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) is a genetic disorder characterized by unregulated insulin secretion and profound hypoglycemia. Recently, mutations of SUR1 and Kir6.2, which constitute the pancreatic beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel, have been shown to be

Mutations in the sulfonylurea receptor gene in relation to the long-term outcome of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

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BACKGROUND A 95% pancreatectomy has become the mainstay of surgical therapy for patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) who did not respond to medical therapy. However, a high incidence of diabetes recently has been reported after a 95% pancreatectomy. Mutations of

Familial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia caused by a defect in the SCHAD enzyme of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.

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Inappropriately elevated insulin secretion is the hallmark of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI), also denoted congenital hyperinsulinism. Causal mutations have been uncovered in genes coding for the beta-cell's ATP-sensitive potassium channel and the metabolic enzymes

Nesidioblastosis. A case of hyperplasia of the islets of Langerhans in the adult.

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BACKGROUND Nesidioblastosis is a rare disease caused by hyperplasia of pancreatic islets, developing a state of hypoglycemia due to an increase in the insulin production. It is the leading cause of hyperinsulinic hypoglycemia in childhood, whereas in adults it only represents the 0.5-5% of cases.

Paternal Uniparental Isodisomy of Chromosome 11p15.5 within the Pancreas Causes Isolated Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia.

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BACKGROUND Loss of function mutations in the genes encoding the pancreatic β-cell ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel are identified in approximately 80% of patients with diazoxide unresponsive hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH). For a small number of patients HH can occur as part of a

Defective trafficking and function of KATP channels caused by a sulfonylurea receptor 1 mutation associated with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

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The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)) regulates insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Loss of functional K(ATP) channels because of mutations in either the SUR1 or Kir6.2 channel subunit causes persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI). We investigated the molecular

An autosomal dominant form of familial persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy, not linked to the sulfonylurea receptor locus.

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Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI), a rare disorder due to defective negative feedback regulation of insulin secretion by low glucose levels, is often familial. Most cases are recessively inherited, and mutations of the sulfonylurea receptor gene (SUR) or the closely linked

Inactivation of the first nucleotide-binding fold of the sulfonylurea receptor, and familial persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.

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Familial persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy is a disorder of glucose homeostasis and is characterized by unregulated insulin secretion and profound hypoglycemia. Loss-of-function mutations in the second nucleotide-binding fold of the sulfonylurea receptor, a subunit of the

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