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Tamoxifen is a triphenylethylene nonsteroidal estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist used worldwide as an adjuvant hormone therapeutic agent in the treatment of breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of tamoxifen-induced cytotoxicity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells has not been
Impressive antitumor activity has been observed with fludarabine phosphate against tumors that express Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) due to the liberation of 2-fluoroadenine in the tumor tissue. 6-Methylpurine (MeP) is another cytotoxic adenine analog that does not exhibit
BACKGROUND
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common tumors and has a 5-year survival for all stages of less than 5%. Most patients with pancreatic cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage and therefore are not candidates for surgical resection. In recent years, investigation into alternative
Specific activity and level of polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) in polyribosomes of regenerating liver of adult rats, liver of newborn rats and in malignant tumours of rat (sarcoma M-1 and hepatoma 27) were studied. 24 hours after partial hepatectomy the specific activity and level of PNPase in
Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy based on the E. coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene produces efficient tumour cell killing. PNP converts adenosine analogs into toxic metabolites that diffuse across cell membranes to kill neighbouring untransduced cells (PNP-GDEPT). Interference with
BACKGROUND
The use of Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) to activate fludarabine has demonstrated safety and antitumor activity during preclinical analysis and has been approved for clinical investigation.
METHODS
A first-in-human phase I clinical trial (NCT 01310179; IND 14271)
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP), an enzyme involved in the thymidine synthesis and degradation, has been shown to promote tumor angiogenesis. Both TP expression and tumor vascularization are putative postoperative prognostic markers of cancer. Because of its bifunctional role, TP may have interactions
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP), an enzyme involved in the reversible conversion of thymidine to thymine, is identical to an angiogenic factor, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF). Both TP and one of the TP-degradation products of thymidine 2-deoxy-D-ribose (dRib) display
Tumour angiogenesis is a complex multistep process regulated by a number of angiogenic factors. One such factor, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor has recently been shown to be thymidine phosphorylase (TP). TP catalyses the reversible phosphorylation of thymidine to
Transferring a gene into cancer cells in order to sensitize them to drugs is an important approach in human cancer gene-therapy research. Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is the first enzyme in the metabolic activation pathway of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to fluorodeoxyribonucleotides, thus, it could be
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP), also known as platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor, has been implicated in bladder cancer angiogenesis. To examine its role more clearly, we have quantified and localized its expression using Western analysis and immunohistochemistry in a series of 105
BACKGROUND
Both capecitabine, an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and mitomycin C (MMC) have demonstrated activity as single agents in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Furthermore, a combination of MMC with infusional 5-FU can induce tumor remission even in patients pretreated with 5-FU.
Chemotherapy for advanced human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes platinum-containing compound such as cisplatin in combination with a second- or third-generation cytotoxic agent. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) belongs to antimetabolite chemotherapeutics, and its mechanism of cytotoxicity is
The angiogenic factor thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is highly expressed in human monocytes and macrophages, and its expression has been linked to the pathology and progression of solid tumors, rheumatoid arthritis, and gastric ulcers. In this study, TP mRNA and enzyme activity were found to be
BACKGROUND
Preclinical data have indicated a synergistic interaction between docetaxel and capecitabine by means of taxane-induced up-regulation of thymidine phosphorylase (TP). On the basis of such premises, we conducted a phase II trial to determine the activity and tolerability of weekly