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A description of the clinical signs and pathological changes is given of 2 outbreaks of suspected hybrid vetch poisoning in the Humansdorp district, Republic of South Africa. These were characterised by a severe dermatitis, high morbidity and mortality in older cows. Microscopically granulomatous
Crenate broomrape is a parasitic weed that represents a major constraint for pulse and forage legume production in the Mediterranean and West Asia regions. Control strategies have centered around agronomic practices and the use of herbicides, although success has been marginal. Resistance breeding
Orobanche spp. (broomrapes) are holoparasites lacking in chlorophyll and totally dependent on their host for their supply of nutrients. O. crenata is a severe constraint to legumes cultivation and breeding for resistance remains as one of the best available methods of control. However, little is
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is sensitive to salinity. While toxic effects of sodium (Na+) are well studied, toxicity aspects of chloride (Cl-) and the underlying tolerance mechanisms to Cl- are not well understood. For this reason, shoot Cl- translocation
Hairy vetch poisoning (vetch-associated disease) of cattle is a generalized disease characterized pathologically by infiltration of skin and many internal organs by monocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and often eosinophils and multinucleated giant cells and clinically by dermatitis, pruritus,
Because the carbamate insecticide propoxur induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in Vicia faba but was ineffective in producing SCE in lymphocytes in culture, it was hardly suspected that plant metabolism was involved. Experiments were conducted in which metabolic activation was afforded by Vicia
Faba bean (Vicia faba) production in Mediterranean and Near East agriculture is severely constrained by broomrape infection. The most widely distributed broomrape species affecting faba bean is Orobanche crenata, although O. foetida and Phelipanche aegyptiaca are of local importance. Only moderately
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and heavy metals could be absorbed and bioaccumulated by agricultural crops, implicating ecological risks. Herein, the present study investigated the ecotoxicological effects and mechanisms of individual carboxylated MWCNTs (MWCNTs-COOH) (2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/L)
Chocolate spot is a major fungal disease of faba bean caused by the ascomycete fungus, Botrytis fabae. B. fabae is also implicated in botrytis gray mold disease in lentils, along with B. cinerea. Here we have isolated and characterized two B. fabae isolates from chocolate
Constant consumption of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) induces intestinal inflammation and reduces growth rate in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus C. et V). However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear. In mammalian models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), endotoxin and flagellin
Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) causes lethal systemic necrosis in legumes, including broad bean (Vicia faba) and pea (Pisum sativum). To identify host genes involved in necrotic symptom expression after ClYVV infection, we screened cDNA fragments in which expression was changed in advance of
During the spring and summer, in 2003-2004, pea viruses were identified in twenty pea fields of Tehran. Some leaf samples were collected randomly from pea fields of Tehran. Samples were tested by Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) technique using polyclonal
Similarly to other Pseudomonas lipodepsinonapeptides, pseudomycin A inhibits proton extrusion from maize roots, promotes closure of stomata in Vicia faba, necrosis of tobacco leaves, haemolysis of human erythrocytes, affects H(+)-ATPase activity and proton translocation in plasma membrane vesicles,
An intensive survey was conducted to identify virus diseases affecting pea crops in Tehran province of Iran. A total of 270 pea samples were collected randomly from pea fields. samples were tested by Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) using polyclonal antisera
Several strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated for pathogenicity to plant tissue. Inoculations into the intercellular spaces of leaves of Vicia faba (28 degrees C) and Vinca rosea (36 degrees C) showed negative results. In leaves of Nicotiana tabacum (32 degrees C) the bacteria