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The dysfunction of wound healing in diabetes involves multiple healing processes by diminished inflammatory responses and delayed deposition of matrix components, wound remodeling, and closure. Furthermore, hyperglycemia increases the infection susceptibility of wounds. The wounds noted at distal
Surgical site infections (SSI) after instrumented spinal fusions are not rare, and patients with SSI after instrumented spinal surgery often require repeat operations and prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy. Wound hypoxia has been identified as a pathogenic mechanism behind wound infection and
As in any other surgery, postoperative pain control after bariatric procedure should provide comfort and early mobilisation as well as enable adequate respiratory effort.
Early ambulation is thought to reduce the risk of pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis and respiratory complications. In