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N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones: a class of bacterial quorum-sensing signals alter post-embryonic root development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) belong to a class of bacterial quorum-sensing signals important for bacterial cell-to-cell communication. We evaluated Arabidopsis thaliana growth responses to a variety of AHLs ranging from 4 to 14 carbons in length, focusing on alterations in post-embryonic root

Crystal structure of threonine synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Threonine synthase (TS) is a PLP-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the last reaction in the synthesis of threonine from aspartate. In plants, the methionine pathway shares the same substrate, O-phospho-L-homoserine (OPH), and TS is activated by S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), a downstream product of

Characterization of recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana threonine synthase.

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Threonine synthase (TS) catalyses the last step in the biosynthesis of threonine, the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent conversion of L-homoserine phosphate (HSerP) into L-threonine and inorganic phosphate. Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana TS (aTS) was characterized to compare a higher plant TS with

Identification of the gene encoding homoserine kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana and characterization of the recombinant enzyme derived from the gene.

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Homoserine kinase (EC 2.7.1.39) catalyzes the formation of O-phospho-l-homoserine, a branch point intermediate in the pathways for Met and Thr in plants. A genomic open reading frame located on the top arm of chromosome II and a corresponding cDNA have been identified from Arabidopsis thaliana that

Methionine and threonine synthesis are limited by homoserine availability and not the activity of homoserine kinase in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Homoserine kinase (HSK) produces O-phospho-l-homoserine (HserP) used by cystathionine gamma-synthase (CGS) for Met synthesis and threonine synthase (TS) for Thr synthesis. The effects of overexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana HSK, CGS, and Escherichia coli TS (eTS), each controlled by the 35S promoter,

Alkamides activate jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signaling pathways and confer resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Alkamides are fatty acid amides of wide distribution in plants, structurally related to N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) from Gram-negative bacteria and to N- acylethanolamines (NAEs) from plants and mammals. Global analysis of gene expression changes in Arabidopsis thaliana in response to

Plant responses to bacterial N-acyl L-homoserine lactones are dependent on enzymatic degradation to L-homoserine.

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Many bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to regulate phenotypes that ultimately benefit the bacterial population at high cell densities. These QS-dependent phenotypes are diverse and can have significant impacts on the bacterial host, including virulence factor production, motility, biofilm formation,

Response of Arabidopsis thaliana to N-hexanoyl-DL-homoserine-lactone, a bacterial quorum sensing molecule produced in the rhizosphere.

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The bacterial quorum sensing signals N-acyl-L: -homoserine lactones enable bacterial cells to regulate gene expression depending on population density, in order to undertake collective actions such as the infection of host cells. Only little is known about the molecular ways of plants reacting to

Use of bacterial quorum-sensing components to regulate gene expression in plants.

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We describe an efficient inducible system to regulate gene expression in plants based on quorum-sensing components found in Gram-negative bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens. These bacteria monitor their own population density by utilizing members of the N-acyl homoserine lactone family as

Identification of cystathionine γ-synthase and threonine synthase from Cicer arietinum and Lens culinaris.

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In plants, cystathionine γ-synthase (CGS) and threonine synthase (TS) compete for the branch-point metabolite O-phospho-L-homoserine. These enzymes are potential targets for metabolic engineering studies, aiming to alter the flux through the competing methionine and threonine biosynthetic pathways,

Identification and Biochemical Characterization of the Serine Biosynthetic Enzyme 3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase in Marchantia polymorpha.

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L-serine is an important molecule in all living organisms, and thus its biosynthesis is considered to be regulated according to demand. 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGDH), the first committed enzyme of the phosphorylated pathway of L-serine biosynthesis, is regulated by negative feedback from

Homoserine lactones: do plants really listen to bacterial talk?

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The bacterial quorum sensing signals N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHL) enable bacterial cells to regulate gene expression depending on population density, which eventually leads to invasion of hosts. Only little is known about the molecular ways of plants reacting to these bacterial signals.

Evidence of autoinducer-dependent and -independent heterogeneous gene expression in Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234.

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Populations of genetically identical Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 cells differ significantly in their expression profiles of autoinducer (AI)-dependent and AI-independent genes. Promoter fusions of the NGR234 AI synthase genes traI and ngrI showed high levels of phenotypic heterogeneity during growth

Selection of Appropriate Autoinducer Analogues for the Modulation of Quorum Sensing at the Host-Bacterium Interface.

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Bacteria regulate a variety of phenotypes in response to their population density using quorum sensing (QS). This phenomenon is regulated by small molecule or peptide signals, the best characterized of which are the N-acyl l-homoserine lactones (AHLs) utilized by Gram-negative bacteria. As many

Characterization of drr1, an alkamide-resistant mutant of Arabidopsis, reveals an important role for small lipid amides in lateral root development and plant senescence.

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Alkamides belong to a class of small lipid signals of wide distribution in plants, which are structurally related to the bacterial quorum-sensing signals N-acyl-l-homoserine lactones. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings display a number of root developmental responses to alkamides,

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