piperidine/atrofie

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Sigma receptor ligand 4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl)-piperidine modulates neuronal nitric oxide synthase/postsynaptic density-95 coupling mechanisms and protects against neonatal ischemic degeneration of striatal neurons.

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In adult stroke models, 4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl) piperidine (PPBP), a sigma receptor agonist, attenuates activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), blunts ischemia-induced nitric oxide production, and provides neuroprotection. Here, we tested the hypothesis that PPBP attenuates neuronal

Supernormal ERG oscillatory potentials in transgenic rabbit with rhodopsin P347L mutation and retinal degeneration.

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OBJECTIVE To determine the properties of the retina of a rhodopsin P347L transgenic (Tg) rabbit model of retinal degeneration by electroretinography (ERG). METHODS Full-field ERGs were recorded in 12- to 48-week-old wild-type (WT) and Tg rabbits. The a-wave was analyzed by the a-wave fitting model

Autoradiographic localization of inhibitory and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter receptors in human normal and olivopontocerebellar atrophy cerebellar cortex.

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We used standard techniques of receptor autoradiography to study the distribution of inhibitory and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter receptors in human normal cerebellar cortex. Benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptor density was relatively high in both granule cell and molecular layers. GABAA receptor

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4-diaminoquinazoline derivatives as SMN2 promoter activators for the potential treatment of spinal muscular atrophy.

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Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by death of motor neurons in the spinal cord that is caused by deletion and/or mutation of the survival motor neuron gene ( SMN1). Adjacent to SMN1 are a variable number of copies of the SMN2 gene. The two genes

NMDA antagonist activity of (+/-)-(2SR,4RS)-4-(1H-tetrazol-5-ylmethyl)piperidine-2-carboxylic acid resides with the (-)-2R,4S-isomer.

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The tetrazole-substituted amino acid (+/-)-(2SR,4RS)-4-(1H-tetrazol-5-ylmethyl)pip eri dine-2-carboxylic acid (LY233053, (+/-)-1) was resolved into its constituent enantiomers by treatment of a key intermediate in the synthesis of the racemic amino acid, ethyl

On the excitotoxic properties of quinolinic acid, 2,3-piperidine dicarboxylic acids and structurally related compounds.

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To obtain information about the receptors which mediate the neurotoxic actions of quinolinic acid, a series of pyridine dicarboxylates and piperidine dicarboxylates and structurally related compounds were tested for their neurotoxic effects following intrastriatal or intrahippocampal infusion in the

Piperidine and piperazine inhibitors of fatty acid amide hydrolase targeting excitotoxic pathology.

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FAAH inhibitors offer safety advantages by augmenting the anandamide levels "on demand" to promote neuroprotective mechanisms without the adverse psychotropic effects usually seen with direct and chronic activation of the CB1 receptor. FAAH is an enzyme implicated in the hydrolysis of the

An embryonic chick pancreas organ culture model: characterization and neural control of exocrine release.

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An embryonic chick (Gallus domesticus) whole-organ pancreas culture system was developed for use as an in vitro model to study cholinergic regulation of exocrine pancreatic function. The culture system was examined for characteristic exocrine function and viability by measuring enzyme release, and

Quantitative autoradiography of [3H]indalpine binding sites in the rat brain: I. Pharmacological characterization.

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The binding of [3H]indalpine (4-[2-(3-indolyl)]ethyl piperidine) to slide-mounted sections of rat brain has been characterized. This 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake blocker binds to sections with high affinity (KD approximately 1 nM). The binding is saturable, and can be displaced by the addition

Retinal pathway origins of the pattern ERG of the mouse.

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This study investigated contributions from the retinal On and Off pathways, and the spiking and nonspiking activity of neurons in those pathways to the pattern ERG of the mouse. Light-adapted pattern and ganzfeld ERGs were recorded from anesthetized C57BL/6 mice 3-4 months of age. Recordings were

Enhancement of ON-bipolar cell responses of cone electroretinograms in rabbits with the Pro347Leu rhodopsin mutation.

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OBJECTIVE To determine how the different stages of retinal processing change after photoreceptor degeneration in rabbits carrying the Pro347Leu rhodopsin mutation (Tg rabbits). METHODS Cone electroretinograms (ERGs) were elicited by 150-ms duration stimuli from 13 Tg rabbits at 12 and 24 weeks of

Pharmacological dissection of multifocal electroretinograms of rabbits with Pro347Leu rhodopsin mutation.

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OBJECTIVE To determine whether photoreceptor degeneration in transgenic (Tg) rabbits carrying the Pro347Leu rhodopsin mutation alters the neural activity of the middle and inner retinal neurons. METHODS Multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs) were recorded from eight 12-week-old Tg rabbits both

Glutamate receptor antagonists inhibit calpain-mediated cytoskeletal proteolysis in focal cerebral ischemia.

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Excitatory amino acids may promote microtubular proteolysis observed in ischemic neuronal degeneration by calcium-mediated activation of calpain, a neutral protease. We tested this hypothesis in an animal model of focal cerebral ischemia without reperfusion. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were

Sigma-1 receptor agonists provide neuroprotection against gp120 via a change in bcl-2 expression in mouse neuronal cultures.

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Although combined antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of HIV-1 infected patients and decreased the incidence of HIV-1 associated dementia, the cumulative prevalence of this disease, in particular, mild or asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, has not decreased. Thus, in

Dose-related immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes after oral methylphenidate administration in cerebrum and cerebellum of the rat.

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Methylphenidate is a piperidine derivative and is the drug most often used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder of children and young adults. Our aim is to investigate dose-dependent dopamine-2 receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and ultrastructural changes of the

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