carcinoid tumor/protease

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A study of human calcitonin in an ovarian carcinoid and ovarian cancers.

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High concentration of human calcitonin (hCT) was found in an ovarian carcinoid by radioimmunoassay. The hCT value was not affected by the presence of protease inhibitors. To confirm the presence of hCT in an ovarian carcinoid, hCT was isolated by the Baghdiantz method. The molecular weight of the

Circulation of a fragment of haemoglobin alpha-chain during a pentagastrin-induced flush in patients with metastatic carcinoid tumours.

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Intravenous injection of pentagastrin (0.6 microgram/kg body wt) into two patients with metastatic carcinoid tumours evoked a severe carcinoid flush. Analysis by reverse-phase HPLC of acetone-extracts of peripheral blood taken from the patients during the flush indicated the presence of a peptide

Genome-wide gene expression analysis of chemoresistant pulmonary carcinoid cells.

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OBJECTIVE Carcinoids are highly chemoresistant tumors associated with a dismal prognosis. This study involved a comparison of the genome-wide gene expression pattern of a chemoresistant and a chemosensitive pulmonary carcinoid cell line to reveal factors that contribute to the resistant

Aprotinin: a serine protease inhibitor with therapeutic actions: its interaction with ACE inhibitors.

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Aprotinin is an important member of a family of related protease inhibitors and has many clinically beneficial activities. These inhibitors have multiple functions, but not all of them are mediated by enzyme inhibition. Aprotinin has complex effects on many homeostatic functions including

Glucagon, glicentin, proglucagon, PYY, PP and proPP-icosapeptide immunoreactivities of rectal carcinoid tumors and related non-tumor cells.

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Glucagon/PP-related peptides were detected immunohistochemically in 18 out of 22 cases of rectal tumors investigated. The reactive tumors showed prevalence of trabecular or mixed trabecular-acinar structure and moderate staining with Grimelius' silver and lead-hematoxylin. Three of the remaining 4

Somatostatin analogs and radiopeptides in cancer therapy.

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Since the discovery of somatostatin (sst) in 1973, numerous chemical and biological studies have been carried out to develop sst analogs with enhanced resistance to proteases and prolonged activity. Three highly potent sst analogs-octreotide, lanreotide, and vapreotide-are now available in the

The role of gastrin and cholecystokinin in normal and neoplastic gastrointestinal growth.

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Gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) act as growth factors for the gastric mucosa and the pancreas, respectively. CCK is also responsible, via the CCK-A receptor, for the pancreatic hyperplasia observed following the feeding of protease inhibitors or pancreaticobiliary diversion. Hypergastrinaemia does

The spectrum of endogenous human chromogranin A-derived peptides identified using a modified proteomic strategy.

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The hypothesis that chromogranin A (CgA), a protein of neuroendocrine cell secretory granules, may be a precursor of biologically active peptides, rests on observed activities of peptide fragments largely produced by exogenous protease digestion of the bovine protein. Here we have adopted a modified

Expression of c-ets-1, collagenase 1, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator genes in lung carcinomas.

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The c-ets-1 transcription factor has been involved in the in vitro transactivation of matrix-degrading protease genes that might play an important role in tumor invasion. Using in situ hybridization, we analyzed serial frozen sections for c-ets-1, collagenase 1, and urokinase-type plasminogen

Lung neuroendocrine tumors: correlation of ubiquitinylation and sumoylation with nucleo-cytosolic partitioning of PTEN.

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BACKGROUND The tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a pleiotropic enzyme, inhibiting phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling in the cytosol and stabilizing the genome in the nucleus. Nucleo-cytosolic partitioning is dependent on the post-translational modifications

Development of biological tools to assess the role of TMPRSS4 and identification of novel tumor types with high expression of this prometastatic protein.

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Metastatic spread is responsible for the majority of cancer deaths and identification of metastasis-related therapeutic targets is compulsory. TMPRSS4 is a pro-metastatic druggable transmembrane type II serine protease whose expression has been associated with the development of several cancer types

Effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and phorbol ester on PAI-1 and PA genes in human lung cells.

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Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mediates the production of extracellular matrix proteins, proteases and protease inhibitors in epithelial cells. Both TGF-beta and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) exert both positive and negative effects on mitogenesis in these as well as other cell

Expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, stromelysin 1, stromelysin 3, and matrilysin genes in lung carcinomas.

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We have previously shown that the extracellular-matrix-degrading enzymes, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), stromelysin 1, stromelysin 3, and matrilysin, may play an important role in the transition from lung preneoplasia to invasive carcinoma. Using in situ hybridization and

Expression of tissue and plasma kallikreins and kinin B1 and B2 receptors in lung cancer.

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Tissue kallikrein (hK1) and plasma kallikrein (PK, hKB1) are serine proteases that produce biologically active kinin peptides from endogenous kininogen substrates. There is evidence linking the kallikreins and the mitogenic kinin peptides to carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate

Differential inactivation of caspase-8 in lung cancers.

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Caspase-8 (CASP8) is an apoptosis inducing cysteine protease which is activated through the formation of a death-inducing signaling complex when death receptors are complexed to their specific ligands. Recent reports indicate that CASP8 expression is lost via a combination of promoter methylation

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