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N-Acetyl Cysteine Has Both Gastro-Protective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Experimental Rat Models: Its Gastro-Protective Effect Is Related to Its In Vivo and In Vitro Antioxidant Properties.

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N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a metabolite of sulphur-containing amino acid cysteine, is used as an antioxidant and a mucolytic agent. Therefore, we aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerative effects of NAC. We also intended to determine the relation between antiulcer effect of NAC and

Homocysteine, cysteine, and glutathione in human colonic mucosa: elevated levels of homocysteine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

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The present study was performed to evaluate the levels of the amino thiols cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione in the colonic mucosa of patients with various intestinal diseases, especially chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Colonic biopsies of macroscopically normal mucosa out of a proximal

Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of anionic dendrimer-N-acetyl cysteine conjugates in activated microglial cells.

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Dendrimers are emerging as potential intracellular drug delivery vehicles. Understanding and improving the cellular efficacy of dendrimer-drug conjugates, can lead to significant in vivo benefits. This study explores efficacy of anionic polyamidoamine (PAMAM-COOH) dendrimer-N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)

Mutation of cysteine 46 in IKK-beta increases inflammatory responses.

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Activation of IκB kinase β (IKK-β) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling contributes to cancer pathogenesis and inflammatory disease; therefore, the IKK-β-NF-κB signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target. Current drug design strategies focus on blocking NF-κB signaling by binding to specific

ZCPG, a cysteine protease from Zingiber montanum rhizome exhibits enhanced anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinesterase inhibition potential

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A 48 kDa Zingiber montanum cysteine protease glycoprotein (ZCPG) purified previously was studied for anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The lipoxygenase inhibition by ZCPG was linear, with an IC50 value of 2.25 μM. MTT, LDH, and cell cycle analysis in THP-1 derived

Down regulation of glutathione and glutamate cysteine ligase in the inflammatory response of macrophages

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Glutathione (GSH) plays critical roles in the inflammatory response by acting as the master substrate for antioxidant enzymes and an important anti-inflammatory agent. In the early phase of the inflammatory response of macrophages, GSH content is decreased due to the down regulation of the catalytic

Human eosinophils are activated by cysteine proteases and release inflammatory mediators.

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BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that serine proteases are involved in various biological responses through activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs). However, the functions of other proteases, such as cysteine proteases, are poorly understood and need elucidation. OBJECTIVE We examined the

Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode metabolites contain a cysteine protease that digests eotaxin, a CC pro-inflammatory chemokine.

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In many helminthic infections, eotaxin, a CC-chemokine, triggers the mobilization of eosinophils, thus, contributing to an elevated blood and periparasitic eosinophil level. Following an experimental intraperitoneal infection of C57BL6 mice with Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes, however, we

First report on BaltCRP, a cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP) from Bothrops alternatus venom: Effects on potassium channels and inflammatory processes.

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CRISPs represent a family of cysteine-rich secretory proteins with molecular mass between 20 and 30 kDa and a highly conserved specific pattern of 16 cysteine residues. In this work, we isolated and characterized a novel CRISP from Bothrops alternatus venom, named BaltCRP, also evaluating its

Effect of s-methyl-L-cysteine on oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in male wistar rats fed with high fructose diet.

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BACKGROUND S-methyl cysteine (SMC) is a hydrophilic cysteine-containing compound naturally found in garlic and onion. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of SMC on oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in an experiment of metabolic

On the antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of S-allyl cysteine: An update.

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Therapeutic approaches based on isolated compounds obtained from natural products to handle central and peripheral disorders involving oxidative stress and inflammation are more common nowadays. The validation of nutraceutics vs. pharmaceutics as tools to induce preventive and protective profiles in

Cysteine-rich protein 2, a novel downstream effector of cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase I-mediated persistent inflammatory pain.

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The cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) signaling pathway plays an important role in spinal nociceptive processing. However, downstream targets of cGKI in this context have not been identified to date. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we isolated cysteine-rich protein 2 (CRP2) as a novel

Effect of fudosteine, a cysteine derivative, on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a murine model of asthma.

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OBJECTIVE Fudosteine is a cysteine derivative that is used as an expectorant in chronic bronchial inflammatory disorders. It has been shown to decrease the number of goblet cells in an animal model. This study examined the effects of fudosteine on airway inflammation and remodeling in a murine model

The effect of an oral anti-oxidant, N-Acetyl-cysteine, on inflammatory and oxidative markers in pulmonary sarcoidosis.

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BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis and previous studies have shown that anti-oxidants can reduce markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the peripheral blood of sarcoidosis subjects. We investigated the effect of

Parasite cysteine proteinase interactions with alpha 2-macroglobulin or kininogens: differential pathways modulating inflammation and innate immunity in infection by pathogenic trypanosomatids.

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Plasma extravasation is a common endothelium response to tissue injury provoked by pathogens. Herein I will review studies showing that host proteinase inhibitors (e.g., alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M) or kininogens) interact with protozoan cysteine proteinases (CPs) in extravascular infection sites,

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