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divicine/broad bean
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Chemical analysis and hemolytic activity of the fava bean aglycon divicine.
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Divicine is an unstable aglycon metabolite of the fava bean pyrimidine beta-glucoside vicine. Divicine has long been thought to be a mediator of an acute hemolytic crisis, known as favism, in susceptible individuals who ingest fava beans (Vicia faba). However, a recent report has questioned the
Determination and stability of divicine and isouramil produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of vicine and convicine of faba bean.
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The aglycones of vicine and convicine, divicine and isouramil, are the causative agents of favism and, therefore, should be analysed along with vicine and convicine in research seeking to eliminate them. This study investigated the stability of the aglycones produced by hydrolysis with
Detection of a free radical intermediate from divicine of Vicia faba.
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Degradation of vicine, convicine and their aglycones during fermentation of faba bean flour.
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In spite of its positive repercussions on nutrition and environment, faba bean still remains an underutilized crop due to the presence of some undesired compounds. The pyrimidine glycosides vicine and convicine are precursors of the aglycones divicine and isouramil, the main factors of favism, a
Inactivation of red cell glutathione peroxidase by divicine and its relation to the hemolysis of favism.
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A significant inactivation of red blood cell glutathione peroxidase (25% less than the physiological value) was observed after exposure of intact erythrocytes to 2 mM divicine (an autoxidizable aminophenol from Vicia faba seeds) and 2 mM ascorbate for 3 h at 37 degrees C. Addition of catalase and
The chemistry of favism-inducing compounds. The properties of isouramil and divicine and their reaction with glutathione.
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Isouramil and divicine are pyrimidine aglycones of two glucosides found in broad beans. They have been shown to be strong reducing agents. Their reaction with oxygen in a (gas) saturated solution, 26 degrees C, is characterized by tau 1/2 = 1 min and 3 min respectively. Hydrogen peroxide is formed
Reproductive performance of hens fed field beans and potential relationships to vicine metabolism.
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Field beans (faba beans, broad beans, horse beans, ackerbohnen, Vicia faba L.) depress weight of eggs when fed to laying hens. Vicine isolated from field beans has been shown to depress egg weight and hatchability when fed in large amounts. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of
Mechanism of action of divicine in a cell-free system and in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient red cells.
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Favism is an acute hemolysis occurring in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient (Mediterranean variant) individuals after intake of fava beans. Divicine (D), 2,6-diamino-4,5-dihydroxypyrimidine, is present in high amounts in the beans, and is suspected to play a role in hemolysis. Its
Auto-oxidation of dialuric acid, divicine and isouramil. Superoxide dependent and independent mechanisms.
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The toxicity of dialuric acid to pancreatic beta cells, and the haemolytic action of divicine and isouramil involve auto-oxidation and redox cycling reactions. Divicine and isouramil are produced on hydrolysis of the fava bean glycosides, vicine and convicine. The mechanism of auto-oxidation of the
Iron release and oxidant damage in human myoblasts by divicine.
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Divicine is an aglycone derived from vicine, a glucosidic compound contained in fava beans (Vicia faba major or broad beans). In this study, we investigated the effect of divicine on cultured human myoblasts from normal subjects, in order to see if the drug may induce signs of oxidant stress in
A practical toxicity bioassay for vicine and convicine levels in faba bean (Vicia faba).
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BACKGROUND
Faba bean (Vicia faba) vicine and convicine (V-C) aglycones (divicine and isouramil respectively) provoke an acute hemolytic anemia called favism in individuals with a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme defect in their red blood cells. Geneticists/plant breeders are working
Effect of divicine and isouramil on red cell metabolism in normal and G6PD-deficient (Mediterranean variant) subjects. Possible role in the genesis of favism.
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Fava beans contain high amounts (up to 6.7 g/100 g dry weight) vicine and convicine. Their active aglycones divicine and isouramil have equivalent metabolic effects. They rapidly oxidize GSH to GSSG in normal and G6PD-deficient red cells. No regeneration of GSH occurs in deficient cells. The
Favism: divicine hemotoxicity in the rat.
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Favism is an acute hemolytic anemia known to occur in susceptible individuals who ingest fava beans. Susceptibility to favism is conferred by a genetic deficiency in erythrocytic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity. Although the fava bean pyrimidine aglycones, divicine and isouramil,
Effect of the redox state of the red blood cell components on the inactivation of glutathione peroxidase by divicine.
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The redox state of red blood cell components was found to have profound effects on the specific inactivation of erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) peroxidase by divicine, a hydroquinone imine molecule of fava beans likely to be responsible, through redox cycling, of the oxidative damage of red blood
Inhibition of autoxidation of divicine and isouramil by the combination of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione.
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The effects of GSH on the autoxidation of the fava bean pyrimidine aglycones, divicine and isouramil, and on acid-hydrolyzed vicine (provisional identification 2-amino-4,5,6-trihydroxypyrimidine) have been studied. GSH alone promoted redox cycling of each compound, with concomitant GSH oxidation and
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