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Maize stem tissues: ferulate deposition in developing internode cell walls.
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It has been hypothesized that ferulates are only deposited in the primary cell wall of grasses. To test this hypothesis, the fourth elongating, above-ground internode of maize (Zea mays l.) was sampled from three maize hybrids throughout development. Cell wall composition was determined by the
Effectiveness of phenoxyl radicals generated by peroxidase/H2O2-catalyzed oxidation of caffeate, ferulate, and p-coumarate in cooxidation of ascorbate and NADH.
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The rate of ascorbate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide plus hydrogen (NADH) cooxidation (i.e., their nonenzymic oxidation by peroxidase/H2O2-generated phenoxyl radicals of three hydroxycinnamates: caffeate, ferulate and p-coumarate) was studied in vitro. The reactions initiated by different
Cell wall composition in juvenile and adult leaves of maize (Zea mays L.).
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Many leaf characteristics vary with position along the culm in maize (Zea mays L.) due to the existence of vegetative phase change and heteroblasty. The objective of this work was to determine if differences in cell wall composition exist among developmental phases and between Cg1, a developmental
Intraprotoplasmic and wall-localised formation of arabinoxylan-bound diferulates and larger ferulate coupling-products in maize cell-suspension cultures.
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Maize (Zea mays L.) cell cultures incorporated radioactivity from [14C]cinnamate into hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA derivatives and then into polysaccharide-bound feruloyl residues. Within 5-20 min, the CoA pool had lost its 14C by turnover and little or no further incorporation into polysaccharides then
Quantitation of steryl ferulate and p-coumarate esters from corn and rice.
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The principal steryl ferulate and p-coumarate esters of different fractions from processed corn brans and corn oils, unrefined and refined, and from rice bran and rice bran oil were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results show that hexane-extracted corn oils yield more than
Suppression of CINNAMOYL-CoA REDUCTASE increases the level of monolignol ferulates incorporated into maize lignins.
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BACKGROUND
The cell wall polymer lignin provides structural support and rigidity to plant cell walls, and therefore to the plant body. However, the recalcitrance associated with lignin impedes the extraction of polysaccharides from the cell wall to make plant-based biofuels and biomaterials. The
Structural Characterization of Lignin from Maize ( Zea mays L.) Fibers: Evidence for Diferuloylputrescine Incorporated into the Lignin Polymer in Maize Kernels.
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The structure of the phenolic polymer in maize grain fibers, with 5.5% Klason lignin content, has been studied. For this, the milled wood lignin (MWL) and dioxane lignin (DL) preparations were isolated and analyzed. The data indicated that the lignin in maize fibers was syringyl rich, mostly
Impact of the brown-midrib bm5 mutation on maize lignins.
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We have investigated the impact of the brown-midrib bm5 mutation on lignins and on p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid ester-linked to maize (Zea mays L.) cell walls. Lignified stalks or plant aerial parts (without ears) collected at grain maturity were studied in three genetic backgrounds. Relative to
Characterization of feruloyl esterases in maize pollen.
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Ferulic acid esterases have been identified and partially purified from maize pollen. Results suggest that maize pollen FAEs may play an important role in pollen fertilization. A critical step in maize (Zea mays) seed production involves fertilization of the ovule by pollen, a process that relies on
Extracellular cross-linking of maize arabinoxylans by oxidation of feruloyl esters to form oligoferuloyl esters and ether-like bonds.
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Primary cell walls of grasses and cereals contain arabinoxylans with esterified ferulate side chains, which are proposed to cross-link the polysaccharides during maturation by undergoing oxidative coupling. However, the mechanisms and control of arabinoxylan cross-linking in vivo are unclear.
Novel type II cell wall architecture in dichlobenil-habituated maize calluses.
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Growth of maize (Zea mays L.) callus-culture cells was inhibited using dichlobenil (2,6 dichlorobenzonitrile, DCB) concentrations > or =1 microM; I (50) value for the effect on inhibited fresh weight gain was 1.5 microM. By increasing the DCB concentration in the culture medium, DCB-habituated cells
Quantitative Profiling of Feruloylated Arabinoxylan Side-Chains from Graminaceous Cell Walls.
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Graminaceous arabinoxylans are distinguished by decoration with feruloylated monosaccharidic and oligosaccharidic side-chains. Although it is hypothesized that structural complexity and abundance of these feruloylated arabinoxylan side-chains may contribute, among other factors, to resistance of
Comparison of oil and phytosterol levels in germplasm accessions of corn, teosinte, and Job's tears.
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Seeds of 49 accessions of corn (Zea mays ssp. mays), 9 accessions of teosinte (Zea species that are thought to be ancestors and probable progenitors to corn), and 3 accessions of Job's tears (Coix lacryma), obtained from a germplasm repository, were ground and extracted with hexane. Whole kernel oil
Heterologous production and characterization of a chlorogenic acid esterase from Ustilago maydis with a potential use in baking.
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Ustilago maydis, an edible mushroom growing on maize (Zea mays), is consumed as the food delicacy huitlacoche in Mexico. A chlorogenic acid esterase from this basidiomycete was expressed in good yields cultivating the heterologous host Pichia pastoris on the 5L bioreactor scale (reUmChlE;
Phytosterol and tocopherol components in extracts of corn distiller's dried grain.
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As the ethanol industry continues to grow, it will become very important to develop value-added markets for its coproducts in order for the industry to remain profitable. Corn distiller's dried grain (DDG) is a major coproduct of ethanol fermentation from corn processed by dry-milling and is
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