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Anaphylaxis to viscotoxins of mistletoe (Viscum album) extracts.

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BACKGROUND Extracts of mistletoe (Viscum album) are used in many countries for adjuvant cancer therapy. These extracts contain mistletoe lectins and viscotoxins that are supposed to have immunostimulating and cytotoxic effects, respectively. The treatment is usually well tolerated. OBJECTIVE To

Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding viscotoxins of mistletoe (Viscum album).

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Viscotoxins have been isolated from leaf homogenates of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) and purified to apparent homogeneity. Antisera raised against these polypeptides were used to screen a cDNA expression library in lambda gt11. Two positive clones have been isolated, one encoding a

Isolation of viscotoxins. Cytotoxic basic polypeptides from Viscum album L.

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In the course of cytotoxicity-directed fractionation of extracts from Viscum album L., it appeared that crude viscotoxin, a basic polypeptide fraction, is responsible for cytotoxic properties of the plant examined. Separation of this fraction by ion exchange chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose

The Anticyclic Timing of Leaf Senescence in the Parasitic Plant Viscum album Is Closely Correlated with the Selective Degradation of Sulfur-Rich Viscotoxins.

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Leaf senescence and abscission have been studied in the semi-parasitic plant mistletoe (Viscum album). Leaf senescence and abscission occur in the summer, when the metabolic activity of the host has reached its maximum. In contrast with their hosts, mistletoes selectively degrade only one major leaf

NMR structural determination of viscotoxin A3 from Viscum album L.

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The high-resolution three-dimensional structure of the plant toxin viscotoxin A3, from Viscum album L., has been determined in solution by (1)H NMR spectroscopy at pH 3.6 and 12 degrees C (the structure has been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under the id. code 1ED0). Experimentally derived

NMR solution structure of viscotoxin C1 from Viscum album species Coloratum ohwi: toward a structure-function analysis of viscotoxins.

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The high resolution three-dimensional structure of the newly discovered plant viscotoxin C1, from the Asiatic Viscum album ssp. Coloratum ohwi, has been determined in solution by (1)H NMR spectroscopy at pH 3.6 and 285 K. The viscotoxin C1-fold, consisting of a helix-turn-helix motif and a short

[Detection and quantitative determination of lectins and viscotoxins in mistletoe preparations].

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Mistletoe lectins and viscotoxins, which up to now have been isolated only from plant material, were detected and quantitatively determined in the mistletoe preparation Iscador and in a fermented mistletoe extract. Lectins were isolated by affinity chromatography and analyzed by isoelectric

Mistletoe viscotoxins increase natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

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Mistletoe extracts have immunomodulatory activity. We show that nontoxic concentrations of Viscum album extracts increase natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing of tumor cells but spare nontarget cells from NK lysis. The compounds responsible for this bioactivity were isolated from mistletoe and

Structures of viscotoxins A1 and B2 from European mistletoe solved using native data alone.

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Crystals of the cytotoxic thionin proteins viscotoxins A1 and B2 extracted from mistletoe diffracted to high resolution (1.25 and 1.05 A, respectively) and are excellent candidates for testing crystallographic methods. Ab initio direct methods were only successful in solving the viscotoxin B2

In vitro immunoreactivity towards lectin-rich or viscotoxin-rich mistletoe (Viscum album L.) extracts Iscador applied to healthy individuals.

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The aim of the study was to investigate how exposure to mistletoe extracts in vivo may influence cellular immune reactions by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). 47 healthy individuals were exposed for twelve weeks either to Iscador Quercus special (IQ; rich in mistletoe lectin [ML]) (n =

Differences in toxicity and antigenicity between mistletoe lectin I and viscotoxin A 3.

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In contrast to mistletoe lectin I (ML I), viscotoxin A 3 does not inhibit protein synthesis in cell-free systems. From the immunological studies it is concluded that ML I and viscotoxin do not share identical structural domains.

Effects of a lectin- and a viscotoxin-rich mistletoe preparation on clinical and hematologic parameters: a placebo-controlled evaluation in healthy subjects.

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OBJECTIVE Mistletoe preparations, which are widely used among patients with cancer in Germany, have immunomodulating properties in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this evaluation was to determine and compare the effects of a lectin-rich (Iscador Qu [IQ] special, Weleda Company, Schwäbisch, Gmünd,

In vivo-induction of antibodies to mistletoe lectin-1 and viscotoxin by exposure to aqueous mistletoe extracts: a randomised double-blinded placebo controlled phase I study in healthy individuals.

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BACKGROUND Several studies have been performed in tumour patients to analyse the immunological response to mistletoe extracts. Considering the fact that these extracts are given subcutaneously in most instances, the kind of application resembles a typical immunization schedule. We therefore wanted

Mistletoe viscotoxins induce membrane permeabilization and spore death in phytopathogenic fungi.

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Viscotoxins (Vts) are basic peptides expressed in mistletoe leaves, seeds and stems which have been shown to be cytotoxic to mammalian cells. The aim of this study was to analyse whether Vts were able to control and/or inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi to obtain a clue to their biological

Expression of mitochondrial Apo2.7 molecules and caspase-3 activation in human lymphocytes treated with the ribosome-inhibiting mistletoe lectins and the cell membrane permeabilizing viscotoxins.

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BACKGROUND It is unclear whether expression of newly described mitochondrial Apo2.7 molecules (7A6 antigen) is specific for apoptosis or may also occur in necrosis. METHODS We incubated human lymphocytes with the apoptosis-inducing mistletoe lectin (ML) I and the cell membrane-permeabilizing

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