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The rolB gene-induced overproduction of resveratrol in Vitis amurensis transformed cells.

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Resveratrol is a stilbene, which prevents carcinogenesis at stages of tumor initiation, promotion and progression. In the present investigation, we developed cell cultures of wild-growing grape (Vitis amurensis Rupr.). The cultures produced low levels of resveratrol, up to 0.026% dry wt., i.e.,

Phenylalanine and tyrosine levels are rate-limiting factors in production of health promoting metabolites in Vitis vinifera cv. Gamay Red cell suspension.

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Environmental stresses such as high light intensity and temperature cause induction of the shikimate pathway, aromatic amino acids (AAA) pathways, and of pathways downstream from AAAs. The induction leads to production of specialized metabolites that protect the cells from oxidative damage. The

Changes in the free amino acid composition with maturity of the noble cultivar of Vitis rotundifolia Michx. grape.

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The changes in amino acid composition that occur with maturity of the Noble cultivar of the Vitis rotundifolia Michx. (muscadine) grape were determined by HPLC. Eighteen amino acids were identified. Histidine was the most prominent amino acid followed by alanine. The concentrations of most of the

Changes in grapes composition during ripening of five Vitis vinifera L varieties as related to Tephritidae and Drosophilidae infestations.

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Vitis vinifera (L) is a great economically important crop. However, huge loss in fruits due to destructive pests hinders the improvement of its performance. The study of their biochemical profile, ripening dynamics, and defense mechanisms presents a great scientific interest. In this work,

Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Amino Acid Profiles and Their Derived Volatile Compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes and Wines.

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Amino acid contents and their derived volatile compositions in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines after regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) were investigated during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons in Yinchuan (NingXia, China). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas

Using unnatural protein fusions to engineer resveratrol biosynthesis in yeast and Mammalian cells.

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Resveratrol is a naturally occurring defense compound produced by a limited number of plants in response to stresses. Besides cardiovascular benefits, this health-promoting compound has been reported to extend life spans in yeasts, flies, worms, and fish. To biosynthesize resveratrol de novo,

Effects of simple rain-shelter cultivation on fatty acid and amino acid accumulation in 'Chardonnay' grape berries.

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BACKGROUND Fatty acids and amino acids are the precursors of aliphatic and aromatic volatile compounds, higher alcohols and esters. They are also nutrition for yeast metabolism during fermentation. However, few reports have been concerned about the effect of viticulture practices on the accumulation

Early signaling events in grapevine cells elicited with cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate.

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The use of cyclic oligosaccharides like cyclodextrins (CDs), alone or combined with methyl jasmonate (MJ), as elicitors has proved very effective in stimulating the production of trans-resveratrol (trans-R) in Vitis vinifera suspension-cultured cells (SCC). Since elicitors can be used to increase

Metabolomic Study of Chardonnay Grapevines Double Stressed with Esca-Associated Fungi and Drought.

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Esca is a complex grapevine trunk disease associated with fungal infection of the xylem. However, the inconstancy of external symptoms and the ability of esca-associated fungi to inhabit grapevines without causing apparent disease suggests that abiotic factors might be involved in the disease. Water

Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Cinnamoyl-CoA Reductases.

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Cinnamoyl-coenzyme A reductase (CCR) catalyzes the reduction of hydroxycinnamoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) esters using NADPH to produce hydroxycinnamyl aldehyde precursors in lignin synthesis. The catalytic mechanism and substrate specificity of cinnamoyl-CoA reductases from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), a

[Induction and activity changes of protein kinase in grape leaves under heat stress].

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The type and activity of protein kinase induced and activated by heat stress were studied in leaves of "Jingxiu" grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu). The results showed that a 52-kD protein kinase was evidently activated by heat stress in 10 to 60 min. Myelin basic protein (MBP) embedded in gel

De novo production of resveratrol from glucose or ethanol by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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Resveratrol is a natural antioxidant compound, used as food supplement and cosmetic ingredient. Microbial production of resveratrol has until now been achieved by supplementation of expensive substrates, p-coumaric acid or aromatic amino acids. Here we engineered the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

De Novo Synthesis of Benzenoid Compounds by the Yeast Hanseniaspora vineae Increases the Flavor Diversity of Wines.

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Benzyl alcohol and other benzenoid-derived metabolites of particular importance in plants confer floral and fruity flavors to wines. Among the volatile aroma components in Vitis vinifera grape varieties, benzyl alcohol is present in its free and glycosylated forms. These compounds are considered to

Plasmopara viticola effector PvRXLR131 suppresses plant immunity by targeting plant receptor-like kinase inhibitor BKI1.

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The grapevine downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola secretes a set of RXLR effectors (PvRXLRs) to overcome host immunity and facilitate infection, but how these effectors function is unclear. Here, the biological function of PvRXLR131 was investigated via heterologous expression. Constitutive

(+)-Vitisin A inhibits osteoclast differentiation by preventing TRAF6 ubiquitination and TRAF6-TAK1 formation to suppress NFATc1 activation.

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We recently reported that oral administration of a (+)-vitisin A-enriched product prepared from Vitis thunbergii obviously ameliorated bone loss in ovariectomized mice and (+)-vitisin A was able to inhibit receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7

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