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Side 1 fra 24 resultater
Mechanism for the emetic side effect of xanthine bronchodilators.
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The usefulness of xanthine bronchodilators in the treatment of asthma is often limited by the side effects of nausea and vomiting. We investigated the mechanism of emesis induced by xanthines, by examining the roles of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition and adenosine antagonism. Theophylline,
Oral xanthines as maintenance treatment for asthma in children.
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BACKGROUND
Xanthines have been used in the treatment of asthma as a bronchodilator, though they may also have anti-inflammatory effects. The current role of xanthines in the long-term treatment of childhood asthma needs to be reassessed.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the efficacy of xanthines (e.g.
Febuxostat: a selective xanthine-oxidase/xanthine-dehydrogenase inhibitor for the management of hyperuricemia in adults with gout.
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BACKGROUND
Febuxostat, a nonpurine selective inhibitor of both the oxidized and reduced forms of xanthine oxidase, was approved in February 2009 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the management of hyperuricemia in adults with gout.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review was to summarize
Enprofylline--effects of a new bronchodilating xanthine derivative in asthmatic patients.
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The bronchodilating effect of two doses of peroral enprofylline was compared with placebo in 24 asthmatic patients. Enprofylline produced significantly greater bronchodilatation than placebo. A dose of 2 mg/kg b.wt. and 4 mg/kg b.wt. caused a mean maximal increase in FEV1 of 26% and 35%,
Pentoxifylline in the treatment of intermittent claudication of the lower limbs.
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Pentoxifylline, a methyl xanthine analogue was evaluated for treatment of intermittent claudication in a double-blind placebo controlled parallel group study in seven centers in the United States. Tests were performed on 128 cases, including 42 who took pentoxifylline (600 mg by mouth daily,
Efficacy of enprofylline in acute airway obstruction.
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The efficacy and safety of different regimens of intravenously administered enprofylline, an anti-asthma xanthine, were evaluated in a randomized open study, including 155 patients with acute exacerbation of obstructive lung disease. The regimen 2.5 mg/kg i.v. over 10 min was canceled after seven
Comparative assessment of enprofylline and theophylline for chronic obstructive airways disease in the elderly.
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Enprofylline, a recently developed xanthine derivative, is a more potent bronchodilator than theophylline. This study compares the efficacy and safety of enprofylline with theophylline for chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD) in elderly subjects. The study was of a randomized double-blind
Impact of doxofylline in COPD: A pairwise meta-analysis.
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Doxofylline is an effective bronchodilator for relieving airway obstruction in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and displays a better safety profile with respect to theophylline. Herein, we performed a pairwise meta-analysis of the currently available data to
Steady state pharmacokinetics, metabolism and pharmacodynamics of theophylline in children after unequal twice-daily dosing of a new sustained-release formulation.
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This was an open-label study in 19 children aged 9-13 years, weighing 27-44 kg, with bronchial asthma. Twenty-four-hour steady-state concentrations of theophylline and its metabolites 1,3-dimethyl uric acid, 3-methyl xanthine and 1-methyl uric acid were assessed after daily dosing of 600 mg (ca 18
The safety of istradefylline for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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BACKGROUND
Antagonism of the A2A receptor improves motor behavior in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), according to results of clinical studies which confirm findings of previous experimental research. The xanthine derivative, istradefylline , has the longest half-life out of the available A2A
The use of prostaglandin inhibitors for the premenstrual syndrome.
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The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a complex of symptoms that usually occurs seven to ten days before menses in large numbers of women. These symptoms typically cease during the 24 hours after the onset of menses. PMS affects many areas of the body, with each afflicted woman having her personal set
A chemically stable analogue, 9 beta-methyl carbacyclin, with similar effects to epoprostenol (prostacyclin, PGI2) in man.
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The effects of 9 beta-methyl carbacyclin, a chemically stable analogue of epoprostenol (prostacyclin, PGI2) were studied, in comparison with epoprostenol, both in vitro and in vivo in man. In vitro 9 beta-methyl carbacyclin and epoprostenol inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen,
Overview of effects of theophylline.
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Ever since xanthines were introduced into asthma therapy, more than 125 years ago, their therapeutic effectiveness has been explained as being due to extrapulmonary rather than, or in addition to, pulmonary drug actions. This article emphasizes that theophylline may have several potentially
Classical xanthinuria: a rare cause of pediatric urolithiasis.
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Xanthine dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid in the final two steps of the purine degradation process. Xanthine oxidase deficiency is an uncommon cause of pediatric urinary stone formation, and classical xanthinuria. A ten-month-old boy
Febuxostat for prevention of gout attacks.
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(1) Febuxostat is a selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Its use in the management of hyperuricemia and gout is being studied. (2) In a 52-week, phase III randomized clinical trial, febuxostat was superior to allopurinol for lowering uric acid levels. Its efficacy in preventing gout attacks was
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