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Species inhabiting marine environments face a wide range of environmental conditions that vary spatially across several orders of magnitude. The selective pressures that these conditions impose on marine organisms, in combination with potentially high rates of gene flow between distant populations,
The influence of chemical modification on neurotoxin RTX-III toxicity in mice has been studied. The toxicity was not affected by modification of Trp30 residue with 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide but was diminished by a factor of 100 after reduction of the toxin's two disulfide bonds with
Elevated atmospheric input of nitrogen (N) is currently affecting plant biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The growth and survival of numerous plant species is known to respond strongly to N fertilisation. Yet, few studies have assessed the effects of N deposition on seed quality and