hypernatremia/arginina

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Chronic hypernatremia derived from hypothalamic dysfunction: impaired secretion of arginine vasopressin and enhanced renal water handling.

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We analyzed the disorder of water metabolism in a 32 year-old female with chronic hypernatremia. She had meningitis at 4 years, and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt operation at 13 years because of normal pressure hydrocephalus. At 14 years hypernatremia of 166 mmol/l was initially found and thereafter

Arginine-vasopressin in essential hypernatremia.

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Dynamics of AVP secretion in a 14-year-old girl with essential hypernatremia, psychomotor retardation and optic nerve coloboma, are reported. Basal levels of AVP were similar to those of a control population, but disproportionately low in relation with natremies. Hypertonic saline and hydric

Hypernatremia in the acutely ill elderly patients: role of impaired arginine-vasopressin secretion.

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Hypernatremia, a common finding among the elderly, is believed to be due to water deficit. In the present study, in 12 consecutive hospitalized elderly patients (mean age 82.2 years) with moderate to severe hypernatremia (mean serum sodium 166.9 mEq/l), inappropriately low plasma levels of

Hypodipsic hypernatremia associated with absence of septum lucidum and olfactory dysfunction.

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A case of hypodipsic hypernatremia in a 16-month-old Japanese boy is reported. Partial antidiuretic hormone deficiency was present. Computed tomography of the brain revealed absence of septum lucidum. No ophthalmological abnormality could be found. He had hyposmia, which has not been reported

Chronic in utero plasma hyperosmolality alters hypothalamic arginine vasopressin synthesis and pituitary arginine vasopressin content in newborn lambs.

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OBJECTIVE Arginine vasopressin is synthesized in the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary gland in response to plasma hypertonicity. Previous studies suggest that in utero and neonatal exposure of rat pups to prolonged alterations of plasma osmolality may permanently alter (imprint)

A novel deletion mutation in the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 gene and skewed X chromosome inactivation in a female patient with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

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X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare inherited disorder caused by mutations in the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (V2R) gene. The clinical phenotype is fully expressed in hemizygous male patients and is usually asymptomatic in heterozygous females. In the present study, a

Selective osmoreceptor dysfunction in the syndrome of chronic hypernatremia.

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A patient with the syndrome of chronic hypernatremia (serum Na+: mean = 154, range 139-184 mEq/l, n = 30) and hypodipsia due to a hypothalamic injury was studied to evaluate osmolar and baroreceptor control of arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. Resting plasma AVP levels measured by

Adipsic hypernatremia syndrome in infancy.

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We report on an infant with chronic hypernatremia due to a congenital defect in osmo-regulation of thirst and the secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP). A 12 month-old female infant who presented with irritability and signs of dehydration was found to have hypertonic dehydration; plasma osmolality

Extreme hypernatremia as a presenting sign of child abuse and psychosocial dwarfism.

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A 21-month-old girl presented with seizures and a serum sodium concentration of 206 meq/l. She had many of the features of psychosocial dwarfism, including short stature, bizarre eating and drinking habits, absent growth hormone response to arginine and insulin infusion and a rapid weight gain

A case report of hypodipsic hypernatremia syndrome associated with suprasellar tumor.

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A 20-year-old woman was diagnosed as hypodipsic hypernatremia syndrome in association with a variety of hypothalamic syndromes. Computed brain tomography disclosed a space occupying lesion over the region of the hypothalamus, lateral ventricle and paraventricles. Evaluation revealed defective

Central Diabetes Insipidus in Infancy With or Without Hypothalamic Adipsic Hypernatremia Syndrome: Early Identification and Outcome.

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BACKGROUND Neonatal central diabetes insipidus (CDI) with or without adipsia is a very rare complication of various complex hypothalamic disorders. It is associated with greater morbidity and a high risk of developing both hypernatremia and hyponatremia, due to the condition itself or secondary to

Severe hypernatremia after cesarean delivery secondary to transient diabetes insipidus of pregnancy.

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BACKGROUND Transient diabetes insipidus is an uncommon complication of pregnancy, usually manifesting with polydipsia and polyuria. This condition is considered to result from excess placental vasopressinase activity and is managed with deamino D arginine vasopressin. METHODS While on restricted

Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction with precocious puberty and adipsic hypernatremia first presenting in adolescence.

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BACKGROUND Idiopathic hypothalamic dysfunction is a rare syndrome that has been described in young children. This syndrome is characterized by a disturbance of thirst regulation with hypernatremia, hyperosmolarity, and altered hypothalamic function. METHODS At age 6 years the reported patients

Application of vasopressin radioimmunoassay to clinical study: role of vasopressin in hypo- and hypernatremia and some other disorders of water metabolism.

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Plasma and urinary arginine vasopressin (AVP) in normal subjects and in patients with various water metabolism disorders was measured using a sensitive, specific radioimmunoassay. The AVP plasma levels in normal subjects were 3.1 +/- 1.2 pg/ml. The parallel changes in plasma osmolality, plasma AVP

Adipsic hypernatremia in two sisters.

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We describe two sisters with chronic hypernatremia, lack of thirst, and inappropriate osmoregulated vasopressin secretion. Only one sister, who presented with microcephaly and developmental delay, showed signs of dysplasia of the midline structures (ie, septum pellucidum and corpus callosum) and a

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