Gordonia insulae sp. nov., isolated from an island soil.

A mycolic acid-containing actinobacterium designated strain MMS17-SY073^T was isolated from island soil. The isolate showed best growth at 25 °C, pH 6, and 0 % (w/v) NaCl. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain MMS17-SY073^T belongs to the genus Gordonia, and is mostly related to the type strains of Gordonia soli (98.5 % sequence similarity), Gordonia polyisoprenivorans (98.1%), and Gordonia hankookensis (97.8%). The genome-based comparisons showed a clear distinction between the strain and the two neighbouring species, G. soli and G. polyisoprenivorans, with the average nucleotide identities (ANI) of 75.8 and 76.3 %, respectively. Notably, the genome of strain MMS17-SY073^T was the largest in total stretch and gene counts among the complete genomes of Gordonia, and contained a number of biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites, in particular those for non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidyl glycerol (DPG), phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), phosphatidyl inositol (PI) and phosphatidyl inositol mannoside (PIM). The isoprenoid quinone was MK-9(H₂), and the main fatty acids were C_{16 : 0} (30.2%) and 10-methyl-C_{18 : 0} (33.7%). The whole cell hydrolysates contained galactose, arabinose, and meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content was 67.4 mol%. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic analysis, strain MMS17-SY073^T should be classified as a new species of the genus Gordonia, for which the name Gordonia insulae sp. nov. is proposed (type strain=MMS17-SY073^T=KCTC 49257^T=JCM 33277^T).