aids dementia complex/tyrosine

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Anti-CD45RO suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in microglia: role of Hck tyrosine kinase and implications for AIDS dementia.

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Macrophages and microglia are productively infected by HIV-1 and play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia. Although macrophages and microglia express CD45, a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, whether modulation of its activity affects human immunodeficiency virus type 1

Interleukin-1 beta released by gp120 drives neural death through tyrosine phosphorylation and trafficking of NMDA receptors.

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Interleukin-1beta is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated under pathological conditions involving NMDA receptor activation, including the AIDS dementia complex (HAD). No information is available on the molecular mechanisms recruited by native interleukin-1beta produced under this type of condition.

Flipping the switches: CD40 and CD45 modulation of microglial activation states in HIV associated dementia (HAD).

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Microglial dysfunction is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of a number of neurodegenerative disorders including HIV associated dementia (HAD). HIV promotion of an M1 antigen presenting cell (APC) - like microglial phenotype, through the promotion of CD40 activity, may impair

Identification by mRNA differential display of two up-regulated genes as candidate mediators of AIDS dementia.

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BACKGROUND In the dementia associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), indirect pathomechanisms are important mediators of progressive neuronal injury and variable candidate molecules of potential pathogenetic importance have been identified. METHODS In an attempt to characterize

HIV-1 gp120 Effects on Signal Transduction Processes and Cytokines: Increased src-Family Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activity.

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Varying degrees of neurological dysfunction are observed in AIDS patients who develop AIDS dementia complex (ADC). Data from a large number of in vivo and in vitro rodent studies have suggested a role for the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp 120 in this process. These studies were initiated to clarify

IGF-IR in neuroprotection and brain tumors.

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The IGF-IR is a multifunctional tyrosine kinase receptor involved in several biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, DNA repair, and cell survival. In the brain IGF-I plays a critical role during embryonic and early postnatal development. In the mature brain, IGF-I

Evidence for adaptive evolution at the divergence between lymphoid and brain HIV-1 nef genes.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection of the central nervous system frequently causes HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The role of HIV Nef and other accessory proteins in HAND pathogenesis is unclear. To determine whether HIV nef undergoes adaptive selection in brain, we

Signaling through JAK2-STAT5 pathway is essential for IL-3-induced activation of microglia.

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Microglia, the resident macrophage of the brain, mediates immune and inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Activation of microglia and secretion of inflammatory cytokines associate with the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease

HIV glycoprotein 120 enhances intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene expression in glial cells. Involvement of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription and protein kinase C signaling pathways.

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It is well established that the two major glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), astrocytes and microglia, are key participants in mediating the neurologic dysfunction associated with HIV infection of the CNS. In this study, we investigated the ability of the major envelope glycoprotein of

The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases.

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may cause a dementing illness. HIV-mediated dementia is clinically and pathologically correlated with the infiltration of activated macrophages and elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, both of which occur in an environment of small

HIV-1 Env-chemokine receptor interactions in primary human macrophages: entry and beyond.

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While HIV has subverted the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 for its own use as an entry co-receptor, their normal functions are to transduce signals in response to extracellular ligands. Our lab is interested in understanding how HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 (gp120) may activate intracellular signals

Cytokines and HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 stimulate Na+/H+ exchange in astrocytes.

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The pathogenesis of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cognitive/motor complex, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex, is unknown, but it afflicts over 50% of all patients infected with HIV-1. Because neurons are not directly infected with HIV-1, the causes of

A new mechanism of neurodegeneration: a proinflammatory cytokine inhibits receptor signaling by a survival peptide.

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Heightened expression of both a proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and a survival peptide, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), occurs in diverse diseases of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, the AIDS-dementia complex, and

Chemokine receptor utilization and macrophage signaling by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120: Implications for neuropathogenesis.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uses the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 for entry. Macrophages and microglia (M/M) are the principal productively infected brain cells in HIV encephalopathy (HIVE), and neuronal injury is believed to result both from direct effects of viral proteins

Signaling mechanism of HIV-1 gp120 and virion-induced IL-1beta release in primary human macrophages.

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HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 induces, independently of infection, the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1beta from macrophages, that are implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia. However, the signal transduction pathways involved have not been fully defined.

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