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Inhaled anti-pseudomonal antibiotics for long-term therapy in cystic fibrosis.

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BACKGROUND Inhaled antibiotics are commonly used to treat persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to lung damage in people with cystic fibrosis. Current guidelines recommend inhaled tobramycin for individuals with cystic fibrosis and persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Ceftazidime in the elderly: appropriateness of twice-daily dosing.

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The disposition of drugs in the elderly is particularly relevant with antiinfectives, because this population has an increased risk of infections. Renal function deteriorates with age, yet dosage guidelines for antibiotics that allow for this reduction remain to be established. Ceftazidime, a

A formulation of aerosolized tobramycin (Bramitob) in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study.

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OBJECTIVE Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) causes progressive deterioration in lung function. The purpose of this trial was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a tobramycin highly concentrated solution for inhalation (TSI) [300mg/4mL;

Atypical mycobacterial and fungal infections in cystic fibrosis.

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and fungi are prevalent in the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients and are increasingly recognized to cause clinically significant disease. In both instances the organisms are ubiquitous within the environment making exposure common, although specific risk factors

Impairment of mucosal immunity by parenteral nutrition: depressed nasotracheal influenza-specific secretory IgA levels and transport in parenterally fed mice.

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OBJECTIVE To examine the effects on mucosal selective transport of polymeric IgA (pIgA) and the ability of exogenous pIgA to provide protection despite altered mucosal transport. BACKGROUND Parenteral nutrition significantly impairs established antipseudomonal immunity and IgA-mediated antiviral

Acute bronchopulmonary infection due to Streptococcus milleri in a child with cystic fibrosis.

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An 8 year old girl with cystic fibrosis had severe respiratory disease associated with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa bronchopulmonary infection. Despite regular courses of intravenous antipseudomonal antibiotics, she continued to deteriorate over 18 months with persistent productive cough,

Dry powder inhalation versus wet nebulisation delivery of antibiotics in cystic fibrosis patients.

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Inhalation of antipseudomonal antibiotics is a cornerstone in treating cystic fibrosis patients. It has shown to be effective in slowing down the process of pulmonary deterioration and decreasing the incidence of infectious exacerbations. The focus is now on innovating drug delivery devices,

Management of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in Danish cystic fibrosis patients.

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The annual mortality rate of cystic fibrosis patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection at the Danish CF-centre ranged from 10 to 20% in the years 1970-1975. In this period the patients received antipseudomonal chemotherapy only during acute exacerbations of infection. From 1976 99

Viral respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis.

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Viral respiratory infections in CF patients are associated with an increase in morbidity at short and long term. Viral infections have a greater impact on CF patients compared to non-CF controls. They result in increased respiratory symptoms, deterioration of Shwachman and radiological scores,

Potential role of macrolide antibiotics in the management of cystic fibrosis lung disease.

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Current management of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease includes the use of antibiotics, nutritional support, and airway clearance therapies. However, despite recent advances in pharmacologic therapies including DNase and aerosolized tobramycin, deterioration in lung function persists. Recent

Use of guidelines and risk stratification in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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Guidelines have been developed to simplify the antimicrobial treatment decision for patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease. Approximately half of these patients will have a demonstrable bacterial infection and antibiotics have been demonstrated to shorten the clinical

Progression of pulmonary disease after disappearance of Pseudomonas in cystic fibrosis.

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Once cystic fibrosis (CF) patients become chronically colonized, eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is rare. We report five patients, each colonized for at least 6 yr, whose subsequent cultures did not reveal PA or any other gram-negative pathogen for at least 2 yr. Two patients harbored

In vitro tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion by monocytes from patients with cystic fibrosis.

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Immunoreactive tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentration is increased in plasma from patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection. To determine if circulating monocytes could be the source of plasma TNF-alpha, we determined in vitro basal and

De-escalation of Empiric Antibiotics Following Negative Cultures in Hospitalized Patients with Pneumonia: Rates and Outcomes.

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For patients at risk for multidrug-resistant organisms, IDSA/ATS guidelines recommend empiric therapy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas. Following negative cultures, the guidelines recommend antimicrobial de-escalation. We assessed antibiotic

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