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Gender differences in tolerance to the hyperthermia mediated by the synthetic cathinone methylone.

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The toxidrome associated with death from the synthetic cathinones includes hyperthermia as part of the sympathomimetic syndrome. Here, we examine the gender differences in the development of tolerance to the hyperthermia mediated by the synthetic cathinone methylone. In addition to temperature

Effects of the second-generation "bath salt" cathinone alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (α-PPP) on behavior and monoamine neurochemistry in male mice.

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BACKGROUND Synthetic cathinones ("bath salts") are β-ketone analogs of amphetamines, yet few studies have examined their potential neurotoxic effects. OBJECTIVE In the current study, we assessed the persistent behavioral and neurochemical effects of exposure to the second-generation synthetic

Comparative study of cathinone and amphetamine on brown adipose thermogenesis.

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The effect of cathinone and amphetamine on brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and its modification with propranolol and timolol has been studied in rats. Both cathinone and amphetamine produced significant dose dependent increases in intracapsular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) and rectal temperatures.

Adolescent synthetic cathinone exposures reported to Texas poison centers.

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OBJECTIVE This study describes the pattern of adolescent synthetic cathinone exposures reported to a large, statewide poison center system. METHODS Synthetic cathinone exposures among patients younger than 20 years reported to Texas poison centers during 2010 to 2011 were identified. The

Synthetic psychoactive cathinones: Hypothermia and reduced lethality compared to methamphetamine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine.

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Synthetic psychoactive cathinones (SPCs) are drugs with psychostimulant and entactogenic properties like methamphetamine (MA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Despite clinical reports of human overdose, it remains to be determined if SPCs have greater propensity for

Cooling down the bath salts: Carvedilol attenuation of methylone and mephedrone mediated hyperthermia.

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The use of the synthetic cathinones ("bath salts"), methylone and mephedrone, has been associated with the development of life-threatening hyperthermia. To date, no direct pharmacological intervention to mitigate the hyperthermia induced by synthetic cathinones has been identified. Here, we

Sex differences in α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP)-induced taste avoidance, place preference, hyperthermia and locomotor activity in rats.

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The majority of synthetic cathinone research has used only male subjects, and as a result there are few studies assessing the impact of biological sex on their effects.The current work extends the characterization of the second-generation synthetic

Impact of Functional Group Modifications on Designer Phenethylamine Induced Hyperthermia.

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The popularity of designer phenethylamines such as synthetic cathinones ("bath salts") has led to increased reports of life-threatening hyperthermia. The diversity of chemical modifications has resulted in the toxicological profile of most synthetic cathinones being mostly uncharacterized. Here, we

Seizures associated with synthetic cathinone exposures in the pediatric population.

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BACKGROUND Synthetic cathinones or "bath salts" are an increasing problem in the United States. Their adverse effects are related to sympathomimetic toxicity and seizures have been listed among the side effects. This study details the seizures that occur after synthetic cathinone exposure in the

Monoaminergic toxicity induced by cathinone phthalimide: An in vitro study.

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Bath salts, or synthetic cathinones, have cocaine-like or amphetamine-like properties and induce psychoactive effects via their capacity to modulate serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA). Structurally distinct synthetic cathinones are continuously being generated to skirt existing drug laws. One

Hyperthermia and multiorgan failure after abuse of "bath salts" containing 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone.

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"Bath salts" are being increasingly used as drugs of abuse. These products have been found to contain a variety of compounds, including 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). We present a case of a 25-year-old man who injected bath salts and acutely developed severe agitation, hyperthermia, and

Emerging drugs of abuse: current perspectives on substituted cathinones.

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Substituted cathinones are synthetic analogs of cathinone that can be considered as derivatives of phenethylamines with a beta-keto group on the side chain. They appeared in the recreational drug market in the mid-2000s and now represent a large class of new popular drugs of abuse. Initially

The clinical challenges of synthetic cathinones.

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Within the new psychoactive substances (NPS) scenario, several hundreds of different molecules, mostly including synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones, have so far been identified. The aims of the paper were to: (a) identify the number of synthetic cathinones mentioned in a range of psychonaut,

Synthetic cathinones ("bath salts").

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BACKGROUND Synthetic cathinones are popularly referred to in the media as "bath salts." Through the direct and indirect activation of the sympathetic nervous system, smoking, snorting, or injecting synthetic cathinones can result in tachycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia, myocardial infarction, and

Synthetic cathinones related fatalities: an update.

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OBJECTIVE Synthetic cathinones, more commonly known as "bath salts", are synthetic drugs chemically related to cathinone, a psychostimulant found in the khat plant. They are the first most consumed products among new psychoactive substances, which cause psychostimulant and hallucinogenic effects

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