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Signal transduction by tumor necrosis factor alpha is mediated through a guanine nucleotide-binding protein in osteoblast-like cell line, MC3T3-E1.

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Transmembrane signalling mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) were examined with special reference to the involvement of G-protein, in intact and permeabilized murine osteoblast-like cells. TNF alpha stimulated the release of 3H radioactivity from intact cells labeled with

Escin attenuates behavioral impairments, oxidative stress and inflammation in a chronic MPTP/probenecid mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results mainly due to the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), and subsequently has an effect on one's motor function and coordination. The current investigation explored the neuroprotective potential of

Escin attenuates cerebral edema induced by acute omethoate poisoning.

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Organophosphorus exposure affects different organs such as skeletal muscles, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, lung, and brain. The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of escin on cerebral edema induced by acute omethoate poisoning. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered subcutaneously

Combined treatment with low dose prednisone and escin improves the anti-arthritic effect in experimental arthritis.

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The present study was aimed at investigating whether low dose oral prednisone combined with escin could inhibit the progression of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats. Adjuvant arthritis was induced in SD rats began day 1 for 28 days. Prednisone at doses of 2, 10 mg/kg/day alone or escin at

Escin exerts synergistic anti-inflammatory effects with low doses of glucocorticoids in vivo and in vitro.

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Escin, a natural mixture of triterpenoid saponins isolated from the seed of the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), had been demonstrated to possess anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was designed to investigate whether escin exhibits synergistic anti-inflammatory

Downregulation of tumor necrosis factor and other proinflammatory biomarkers by polyphenols.

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Human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), first isolated by our group as an anticancer agent, has been now shown to be a primary mediator of inflammation. Till today 19 different members of the TNF superfamily which interact with 29 different receptors, have been identified. Most members of this family

Escin, a pentacyclic triterpene, chemosensitizes human tumor cells through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway.

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Agents that can enhance tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit invasion have potential for the treatment of cancer. Here, we report the identification of escin, a pentacyclic triterpenoid from horse chestnut that exhibits antitumor potential against leukemia and multiple myeloma. Whether examined by

Evaluation of the effect of polyphenol of escin compared with ibuprofen and dexamethasone in synoviocyte model for osteoarthritis: an in vitro study.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease with inflammatory component. It is associated with progressive histological alterations and disabling symptoms. Today, drugs such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSIADs) are commonly employed for treatment

Escin protects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice via attenuating inflammatory response and inhibiting ERK signaling pathway.

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Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose may lead to the formation of oxidative stress, hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis, and, eventually result in acute liver failure. Escin, a major extracted component of Aesculus hippocastanum, reportedly exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-oxidant

Escin attenuates acute lung injury induced by endotoxin in mice.

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Endotoxin causes multiple organ dysfunctions, including acute lung injury (ALI). The current therapeutic strategies for endotoxemia are designed to neutralize one or more of the inflammatory mediators. Accumulating experimental evidence suggests that escin exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous

Anti-inflammatory effect of external use of escin on cutaneous inflammation: possible involvement of glucocorticoids receptor.

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Escin, as an internally applied anti-inflammatory agent, has been widely used in the treatment of inflammation and edema resulting from trauma or operation in the clinic. However, the effect of its external use on cutaneous inflammation and edema remains unexplored. In the present study, the

Effect of prolonged treatment with amlodipine on enhanced vascular contractility in cardiomyopathic hamsters.

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This study examined the effects of prolonged treatment with amlodipine on the enhanced vascular contractions in dilated cardiomyopathic (CM) hamsters. From the ages of 5 to 20 weeks, CM hamsters (BIO 53.58) orally received amlodipine. Then we compared the contractile responses to vasoconstrictors in

Saponin Micelles Lead to High Mucosal Permeation and In Vivo Efficacy of Solubilized Budesonide

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Due to fast nasal mucociliary clearance, only the dissolved drug content can effectively permeate the mucosa and be pharmaceutically active after intranasal application of suspensions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to increase the budesonide concentration in solution of a nasal spray

Inflammation, a Double-Edge Sword for Cancer and Other Age-Related Diseases.

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Increasing evidence from diverse sources during the past several years has indicated that long-term, low level, chronic inflammation mediates several chronic diseases including cancer, arthritis, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. The inflammatory molecules and

Protective effect of aescin from the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum on liver injury induced by endotoxin in mice.

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To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of aescin on acute liver injury induced by endotoxin, liver injury was established by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. Animals were assigned to seven groups: the control group and groups treated with LPS (40 mg/kg), aescin (3.6 mg/kg),

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