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The Cys-Arg/N-End Rule Pathway Is a General Sensor of Abiotic Stress in Flowering Plants.

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Abiotic stresses impact negatively on plant growth, profoundly affecting yield and quality of crops. Although much is known about plant responses, very little is understood at the molecular level about the initial sensing of environmental stress. In plants, hypoxia (low oxygen, which occurs during

Hypoxia: a novel function for VIN3.

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VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3) encodes a PHD domain chromatin remodelling protein that is induced in response to cold and is required for the establishment of the vernalization response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Vernalization is the acquisition of the competence to flower after exposure to

Hypoxia and hydrogen cyanamide induce bud-break and up-regulate hypoxic responsive genes (HRG) and VvFT in grapevine-buds.

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It has been reported that dormancy-breaking compound hydrogen cyanamide (HC) stimulates the fermentative pathway and inhibits respiration in grapevine-buds, suggesting in this way, that a respiratory stress must be involved in the release of buds from dormancy. Here, we tested low-oxygen effect

The Arabidopsis Hypoxia Inducible AtR8 Long Non-Coding RNA also Contributes to Plant Defense and Root Elongation Coordinating with WRKY Genes under Low Levels of Salicylic Acid.

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AtR8 lncRNA was previously identified in the flowering plant Arabidopsisthaliana as an abundant Pol III-transcribed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) of approximately 260 nt. AtR8 lncRNA accumulation is responsive to hypoxic stress and salicylic acid (SA) treatment in roots,

Impacts of winter icing events on the growth, phenology and physiology of sub-arctic dwarf shrubs.

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The Arctic is experiencing the greatest climate change in winter, including increases in freeze-thaw cycles that can result in ice encasement of vegetation. Ice encasement can expose plants to hypoxia and greater temperature extremes, but currently the impacts of icing on plants in the field remain

Oxygen-dependent proteolysis regulates the stability of angiosperm polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit VERNALIZATION 2.

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The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) regulates epigenetic gene repression in eukaryotes. Mechanisms controlling its developmental specificity and signal-responsiveness are poorly understood. Here, we identify an oxygen-sensitive N-terminal (N-) degron in the plant PRC2 subunit VERNALIZATION(VRN)

Genome-wide survey of the seagrass Zostera muelleri suggests modification of the ethylene signalling network.

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Seagrasses are flowering plants which grow fully submerged in the marine environment. They have evolved a range of adaptations to environmental challenges including light attenuation through water, the physical stress of wave action and tidal currents, high concentrations of salt, oxygen deficiency

Methylation of protein phosphatase 2A-Influence of regulators and environmental stress factors.

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Protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2A-C) has a terminal leucine subjected to methylation, a regulatory mechanism conserved from yeast to mammals and plants. Two enzymes, LCMT1 and PME1, methylate and demethylate PP2A-C, respectively. The physiological importance of these posttranslational

VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3) is required for the response of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings exposed to low oxygen conditions.

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VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3), which is required for the vernalization-mediated epigenetic repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in Arabidopsis thaliana, is quantitatively induced in response to low temperatures. We found that hypoxic conditions also induce VIN3 in a quantitative manner but

Nitric oxide-mediated integrative alterations in plant metabolism to confer abiotic stress tolerance, NO crosstalk with phytohormones and NO-mediated post translational modifications in modulating diverse plant stress.

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a major signaling biomolecule associated with signal transduction in plants. The beneficial role of NO in plants, exposed to several abiotic stresses shifted our understanding as it being not only free radical, released from the toxic byproducts of oxidative metabolism but also

Oxygen sensing coordinates photomorphogenesis to facilitate seedling survival.

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Successful emergence from the soil is essential for plant establishment in natural and farmed systems. It has been assumed that the absence of light in the soil is the preeminent signal perceived during early seedling development, leading to a distinct morphogenic plan (skotomorphogenesis) [1],

Nitric oxide evolution and perception.

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Various experimental data indicate signalling roles for nitric oxide (NO) in processes such as xylogenesis, programmed cell death, pathogen defence, flowering, stomatal closure, and gravitropism. However, it still remains unclear how NO is synthesized. Nitric oxide synthase-like activity has been

Human and Arabidopsis alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase homolog proteins-New players in important regulatory processes.

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The family of AlkB homolog (ALKBH) proteins, the homologs of Escherichia coli AlkB 2-oxoglutarate (2OG), and Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase are involved in a number of important regulatory processes in eukaryotic cells including repair of alkylation lesions in DNA, RNA, and nucleoprotein complexes.

Nonsymbiotic hemoglobins and stress tolerance in plants.

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Hemoglobins (Hbs) are heme containing proteins found in most organisms including animals, bacteria, and plants. Their structure, size, and function are quite diverse among the different organisms. There are three different types of hemoglobins in plants: symbiotic (sHb), nonsymbiotic (nsHb), and

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