ketosis/triacylglycerol

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Stimulation of mild, sustained ketonemia by medium-chain triacylglycerols in healthy humans: estimated potential contribution to brain energy metabolism.

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OBJECTIVE In humans consuming a normal diet, we investigated 1) the capacity of a medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) supplement to stimulate and sustain ketonemia, 2) ¹³C-β-hydroxybutyrate and ¹³C-trioctanoate metabolism, and 3) the theoretical contribution of the degree of ketonemia achieved to

Mechanism for leptin's acute insulin-independent effect to reverse diabetic ketoacidosis.

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The mechanism by which leptin reverses diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is unknown. We examined the acute insulin-independent effects of leptin replacement therapy in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of DKA. Leptin infusion reduced rates of lipolysis, hepatic glucose production (HGP), and hepatic

Prepartum intake, postpartum induction of ketosis, and periparturient disorders affect the metabolic status of dairy cows.

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Nutritional management during the dry period may affect susceptibility of cows to metabolic and infectious diseases during the periparturient period. Thirty-five multiparous Holstein cows were used to determine the effect of prepartum intake, postpartum induction of ketosis, and periparturient

[Evaluation of platelet malondialdehyde and 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid in type I and II diabetic patients with ketoacidosis and after clinical complications].

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In 33 insulin-dependent, I and II type diabetic patients the authors evaluated the intraplatelet concentration of 12-hydroperoxyeicozatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE) and malonylodialdehyde (MDA) which are the products of lipoxygenase (LO) and cyclooxygenase (CO) metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) in

Improvement of ketoacidosis in the diabetic rat after the administration of the oral antilipolytic agent GR 79236.

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1. We assessed the effect of a novel oral antilipolytic agent, N-[(1S, trans)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]adenosine (GR 79236), in experimental diabetic ketoacidosis. Ketotic rats were gavaged with GR 79236 (1 mg/kg) or water (vehicle) and their blood/plasma/serum biochemistry and haematological profile

C6--C10-dicarboxylic aciduria in starved, fat-fed and diabetic rats receiving decanoic acid or medium-chain triacylglycerol. An in vivo measure of the rate of beta-oxidation of fatty acids.

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Administration of decanoic acid to rats resulted not only in elevated urinary excretions of the C10-dicarboxylic acid (sebacic acid), but also in highly elevated excretions of the beta-oxidation products C8- and C6-dicarboxylic acids (suberic and adipic acids). Activation of the lipid metabolism by

Fully automated assay of blood D-3-hydroxybutyrate for ketosis.

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Ketone bodies are derived from the accelerated beta-oxidation of fatty acids during prolonged starvation or severely impaired carbohydrate metabolism. D-3-hydroxybutyrate (3OHB) is the major ketone circulating in the blood. Fully automated assay of 3OHB using a centrifugal analyzer was developed.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma lipids of diabetic children during and after diabetic ketoacidosis.

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OBJECTIVE Previously we reported significantly higher plasma values of the essential fatty acids but significantly lower values of their longer-chain metabolites in diabetic children than in healthy controls. Here, we report data on the acute effect of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) on the fatty acid

Metabolic characteristics of induced ketosis in normal and obese dairy cows.

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Four groups of 6 cows were used to determine the effects of body condition on induction of ketosis. At calving, obese cows were heavier by 108 kg and had a higher body condition score by 0.74 units than did normal cows. Susceptibility to induced ketosis was evaluated by restricting dry matter intake

Nutrition-induced ketosis alters metabolic and signaling gene networks in liver of periparturient dairy cows.

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Dairy cows are highly susceptible after parturition to developing liver lipidosis and ketosis, which are costly diseases to farmers. A bovine microarray platform consisting of 13,257-annotated oligonucleotides was used to study hepatic gene networks underlying nutrition-induced ketosis. On day 5

High expression of cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a (CIDEA) promotes milk fat content in dairy cows with clinical ketosis.

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High blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) during ketosis represent a source of fatty acids for milk fat synthesis and explain the increase in milk fat content in ketotic cows. Cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a (CIDEA) is a lipid droplet coat protein with important roles in

Changes of milk fatty acid composition in four lipid classes as biomarkers for the diagnosis of bovine ketosis using bioanalytical Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas Chromatographic techniques (TLC-GC)

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The aim of this study was to extend the limited research available on the association between the concentration of milk fatty acids and the elevated plasmatic value of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in early lactation of dairy cows. Fifty-four Holstein Friesian dairy cows were enrolled in the study. All

Nutritional Ketosis Alters Fuel Preference and Thereby Endurance Performance in Athletes.

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Ketosis, the metabolic response to energy crisis, is a mechanism to sustain life by altering oxidative fuel selection. Often overlooked for its metabolic potential, ketosis is poorly understood outside of starvation or diabetic crisis. Thus, we studied the biochemical advantages of ketosis in humans

Pertussis toxin induces fatty liver, hyperlipemia and ketosis in hamsters.

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Pertussis toxin markedly affects lipid metabolism in hamsters. The toxin induces a time-dependent and dose-dependent accumulation of triacylglycerols in the liver (fatty liver) and moderate increases in cholesterol and phospholipids. These toxin produced dramatic increases in the amounts of

Commiphora myrrha Resin Alcoholic Extract Ameliorates High Fat Diet Induced Obesity via Regulation of UCP1 and Adiponectin Proteins Expression in Rats.

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This study was performed to evaluate anti-obesity potential of Commiphora myrrha resin ethanolic extract (CME) with the respect to expression of leptin, adiponectin and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in rats. Control rats fed basal diet. Second group fed basal diet and administered CME (500

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