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methional/neoplasms

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Methionine dependence of tumor cells: programmed cell survival?

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A majority of tumor cell lines are considered to be "methionine-dependent" because of their inability to grow in culture when methionine is replaced by its precursor, homocysteine. We have previously shown that this phenotype is not due to the incapacity to synthesize methionine from homocysteine
Methionine, in addition to its role in protein synthesis, participates in 3 important cellular functions: as AdoMet in transmethylation; as decarboxylated-AdoMet in aminopropylation; as homocysteine its demethylated form, in trans-sulphuration. Here we provide evidence from the literature and from

N-acetylcysteine, a cancer chemopreventive agent, causes oxidative damage to cellular and isolated DNA.

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Although N-acetylcysteine is an antioxidant which has been expected to be a cancer chemopreventive agent, its safety and risk assessment have not been evaluated. N-acetylcysteine increased the amount of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a characteristic oxidative DNA lesion, in human

Metal-mediated oxidative damage to cellular and isolated DNA by gallic acid, a metabolite of antioxidant propyl gallate.

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Propyl gallate (PG), widely used as an antioxidant in foods, is carcinogenic to mice and rats. PG increased the amount of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a characteristic oxidative DNA lesion, in human leukemia cell line HL-60, but not in HP100, which is hydrogen peroxide
The aim of this minireview is to recapitulate the evidence in the literature supporting a role for the aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH1, ALDH2 and ALDH3) in controlling the levels of 3 endogenous apoptogenic aldehydes: methional, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). All 3 aldehydes are

Requirement of glutathione and cysteine in guanine-specific oxidation of DNA by carcinogenic potassium bromate.

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Potassium bromate (KBrO3), a food additive, induces renal-cell tumors in rats. KBrO3 induced 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) formation in human leukemia cell line HL-60 as well as in its H2O2-resistant clone, HP100, suggesting no involvement of H2O2. Depletion of GSH by buthionine

Mechanism of metal-mediated DNA damage induced by metabolites of carcinogenic 2-nitropropane.

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2-Nitropropane (2-NP), a widely used industrial solvent, is carcinogenic to rats. To clarify the mechanism of carcinogenesis by 2-NP, we investigated DNA damage by 2-NP metabolites, N-isopropylhydroxylamine (IPHA) and hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HAS), using 32P-5'-end-labelled DNA fragments

Hydroxyurea induces site-specific DNA damage via formation of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide.

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Hydroxyurea is a chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) and solid tumors. The mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of hydroxyurea has not been established, although hydroxyurea has been associated with an increased risk of leukemia in MPD patients. To
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