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Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory has generated an abundance of research examining the effects of low self-control on crime and analogous behaviors. Less research, however, has focused on the factors that contribute to the development of low self-control. Gottfredson and Hirschi maintain that
The aim of this study was to test if two birth complications, namely, transient global hypoxia during Caesarean section (C-section) birth or C-section birth per se, produce long-term changes in behavioral responses to repeated stress. Adult rats, that had been born vaginally, by C-section or by
There is a positive relationship between presence of allergic disease and occurrence of pregnancy and birth complications. It is suggested that this relationship is mediated by underdevelopment of the thymus or impairment of central nervous system mechanisms of immunological response due to anoxia
Perinatal hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) is the leading cause of neurologic injury resulting from birth complications. Recent advances in critical care have dramatically improved the survival rate of infants suffering this insult, but approximately 50% of survivors will develop neurologic sequelae such as
Perinatal hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) is the leading cause of neurological injury resulting from birth complications and pre-maturity. Our studies have demonstrated that this injury depletes the subventricular zone (SVZ) of progenitors. In this study, we sought to reveal which cell death pathways are
Perinatal hypoxia is a frequent birth complication, and although its early consequences on brain development have been well studied, few studies address any long-term effects. Postnatal insults producing small disturbances in endocrine function can have marked and long-lasting effects. In the
In utero exposure to cigarette smoke has severe consequences for the developing fetus, including increased risk of birth complications and behavioral and learning disabilities later in life. Evidence from animal models suggests that the cognitive deficits may be a consequence of in utero nicotine
Brain development is influenced by various prenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal events which may interact with genotype to affect the neural and psychophysiological systems related to emotions, specific cognitive functions (e.g., attention, memory), and language abilities and thereby heighten the
Ineffective contractions and prolonged labor are common birth complications in primiparous women, and oxytocin is the most common agent given for induction or augmentation of labor. Clinical studies in humans suggest oxytocin might adversely affect the CNS response to hypoxia at birth. In this
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI; concurrent oxygen/blood deficiency) and associated encephalopathy represent a common cause of neurological injury in premature/low-birth-weight infants and term infants with birth complications. Resulting behavioral impairments include cognitive and/or sensory processing
Neonatal hypoxia is the leading cause of brain damage with birth complications. Many studies have reported proliferation-promoting effect of mild hypoxia on neural stem cells (NSCs). However, how severe hypoxia influences the behavior of NSCs has been poorly explored. In the present study, we
Experimental studies indicate that hypoxia to the fetus, a common occurrence in many birth complications in humans, results in long-term disturbances of the central dopaminergic (DA) systems that persist in adulthood. Because dysregulation of DA systems is involved in the pathophysiology of many
OBJECTIVE
Few studies address the long-term consequences of perinatal hypoxia (H), a frequent birth complication. Previously we described advanced reproductive senescence (premature loss of regular cyclicity) in female rats subjected to perinatal H or H plus unilateral ischemia (HI) associated with
Hypoxia ischemia (HI; reduced oxygen and/or blood flow to the brain) is one of the most common injuries among preterm infants and term infants with birth complications. Both populations show cognitive/behavioral deficits, including impairments in sensory, learning/memory, and attention domains.
Birth complications involving reduced oxygen to the fetus pose risks for neurodevelopmental disorders like schizophrenia and ADHD, which involve central dopamine (DA) dysfunction and also show gender differences in incidence or severity. Here, we examine possible sex differences in the long-term