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The effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide-38 and vasoactive intestinal peptide in cluster headache

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Background: Previously reported increases in serum levels of vasodilating neuropeptides pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide-38 (PACAP38) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) during attacks of cluster headache could indicate

Neuropeptides in the cerebral circulation: relevance to headache.

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The article briefly describe the innervation of the human cerebral circulation by nerve fibers containing neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The neuropeptides in human cerebral arteries were characterized by

Neuropeptides in migraine and cluster headache.

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The cerebral circulation is invested by a rich network of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and noradrenaline containing sympathetic nerve fibers in arteries, arterioles and veins. However, the nerve supply of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)

The effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on dura mater nitric oxide levels and vessel-contraction responses in sympathectomized rats.

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Nitric oxide (NO) and neurogenic inflammation in dura mater due to nociceptor activation has been implicated for pathophysiology of primary headache disorders. Development of migraine has also been observed in patients treated with ganglion blockage for sympathetic reflex dystrophy. Vasoactive

PACAP and its role in primary headaches.

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide implicated in a wide range of functions, such as nociception and in primary headaches. Regarding its localization, PACAP has been observed in the sensory trigeminal ganglion (TG), in the parasympathetic sphenopalatine (SPG) and

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels during glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-induced headache in healthy volunteers.

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The role of nitric oxide (NO) in migraine has been studied in the experimental glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-infusion headache model. We hypothesized that GTN-induced headache may activate the trigeminovascular system and be associated with increased levels of sensory neuropeptides, including calcitonin

Two-hour infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide induces delayed headache and extracranial vasodilation in healthy volunteers

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Background: In recent years, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptides (PACAPs) have gained special interest in headache science. VIP and PACAPs (two isoforms, PACAP27 and PACAP38) are

Pathophysiology of primary headaches.

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The cerebral circulation is innervated by sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory nerves, which store a considerable number of neurotransmitters. The role of these has been evaluated in primary headaches. A clear association between head pain and the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide was

A pathophysiological view of primary headaches.

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The cerebral circulation is innervated by sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory nerves which store a considerable number of neurotransmitters. The role of these has been evaluated in primary headaches. A clear association between head pain and the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)

[Both neurogenic and vascular causes of primary headache].

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The cerebral circulation is innervated by sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory nerves which store a number of neurotransmitters. The significance of these for primary headache has been evaluated. A clear association between head pain and the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was

Headache in patients with a meningioma correlates with a bone-invasive growth pattern but not with cytokine expression.

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We included 58 patients with meningioma in a prospective study to analyse the prevalence of and risk factors for different types of meningioma-associated headache. Twenty-three patients (40%) had meningioma-associated headache. Of these, the pain was migraine-like in five (22%) and tension-type

Substance P theory: a unique focus on the painful and painless phenomena of cluster headache.

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These studies of cluster headache (CH) focus on two key features of pain transmission: a) sensory nerves when stimulated, as well as the expected afferent transmission, also display an efferent function which affects capillaries, glands, and smooth muscle (of the iris in CH); substance P (SP) and

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment of active cluster headache: a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study.

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Sixteen patients, 12 with episodic and four with chronic cluster headache (CH) according to the International Headache Society criteria (1), participated in the study. They were randomly selected to start with one out of two different hyperbaric treatments in a double-blind, placebo-controlled,

Lithium inhibits substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced relaxations on isolated porcine ophthalmic artery.

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Lithium is currently a major drug used as a treatment for affective disorders and cluster headache, among other conditions. Its mechanism of action remains unknown. The trigeminovascular system may be involved in the pathophysiology of cluster headache and related diseases by liberating

Update on the pathophysiology of cluster headache: imaging and neuropeptide studies.

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Cluster headache (CH) is the most severe primary headache condition. Its pathophysiology is multifaceted and incompletely understood. This review brings together the latest neuroimaging and neuropeptide evidence on the pathophysiology of CH.A review of the

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