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Comparative transcriptome analysis of green/white variegated sectors in Arabidopsis yellow variegated2: responses to oxidative and other stresses in white sectors.

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The yellow variegated2 (var2) mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana has been studied as a typical leaf-variegated mutant whose defect results from the lack of FtsH2 metalloprotease in chloroplasts. The var2 green sectors suffer from photo-oxidative stress and accumulate high levels of reactive oxygen

Chloroplast photooxidation-induced transcriptome reprogramming in Arabidopsis immutans white leaf sectors.

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Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) immutans (im) has green and white sectoring due to the action of a nuclear recessive gene, IMMUTANS. The green sectors contain normal-appearing chloroplasts, whereas the white sectors contain abnormal chloroplasts that lack colored carotenoids due to a defect in

Beneficial soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis (GB03) augments salt tolerance of white clover.

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Soil salinity is an increasingly serious problem worldwide that reduces agricultural output potential. Selected beneficial soil bacteria can promote plant growth and augment tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Bacillus subtilis strain GB03 has been shown to confer growth promotion and abiotic

Ultrastructural characterisation of the host-pathogen interface in white blister-infected Arabidopsis leaves.

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In this study transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine details of the host-pathogen interface in Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons infected by Albugo candida, causal agent of white blister. After successful entry through stomatal pores, the pathogen developed a substomatal vesicle

Phytochrome A null mutants of Arabidopsis display a wild-type phenotype in white light.

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Phytochrome is a family of photoreceptors that regulates plant photomorphogenesis; the best-characterized member of this family is phytochrome A. Here, we report the identification of novel mutations at three Arabidopsis loci (fhy1, fhy2, and fhy3) that confer an elongated hypocotyl in far-red but

Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase from white lupin: molecular cloning, expression, and purification of the expressed protein.

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Plants produce a variety of sesquiterpenoid compounds with diverse biological functions, whose synthesis is initiated by farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase [EC 2.5.1.1, EC 2.5.1.10]. The lack of availability of molecular tools to analyze this enzyme has, thus far, prevented the study of its expression

Characterization of five new low-molecular-mass trypsin inhibitors from white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seed.

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Five new low-molecular-mass trypsin inhibitors belonging to the RTI/MTI-2 family were identified from white mustard (Sinapis alba L. ; MTI-2) seed. Purified MTI-2 consisted of a peptide mixture, displaying Ile or Arg at position 43, Trp or kynurenine (Kyn) at position 44, and C-terminal ragged ends.

Gene gain and loss during evolution of obligate parasitism in the white rust pathogen of Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Biotrophic eukaryotic plant pathogens require a living host for their growth and form an intimate haustorial interface with parasitized cells. Evolution to biotrophy occurred independently in fungal rusts and powdery mildews, and in oomycete white rusts and downy mildews. Biotroph evolution and

Egg laying of cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae) on Arabidopsis thaliana affects subsequent performance of the larvae.

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Plant resistance to the feeding by herbivorous insects has recently been found to be positively or negatively influenced by prior egg deposition. Here we show how crucial it is to conduct experiments on plant responses to herbivory under conditions that simulate natural insect behaviour. We used a

Infection of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves with Albugo candida (white blister rust) causes a reprogramming of host metabolism.

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Abstract Albugo candida (Pers.) (O.) Kunze is a biotrophic pathogen which infects the crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh forming discrete areas of infection. Eight days after inoculation of leaves, white blisters became visible on the under surface of the leaf although no symptoms were

The Arabidopsis immutans mutation affects plastid differentiation and the morphogenesis of white and green sectors in variegated plants.

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The immutans (im) variegation mutant of Arabidopsis has green and white leaf sectors due to the action of a nuclear recessive gene, IMMUTANS (IM). This gene encodes the IM protein, which is a chloroplast homolog of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase. Because the white sectors of im accumulate the

An RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of orthophosphate-deficient white lupin reveals novel insights into phosphorus acclimation in plants.

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Phosphorus, in its orthophosphate form (P(i)), is one of the most limiting macronutrients in soils for plant growth and development. However, the whole-genome molecular mechanisms contributing to plant acclimation to P(i) deficiency remain largely unknown. White lupin (Lupinus albus) has evolved

A new species of Albugo parasitic to Arabidopsis thaliana reveals new evolutionary patterns in white blister rusts (Albuginaceae).

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The obligate biotrophic lineages of the white blister rusts (Albuginales, Oomycota) are of ancient origin compared to the rather recently evolved downy mildews, and sophisticated mechanisms of biotrophy and a high degree of adaptation diversity are to be expected in these organisms. Speciation in

Comparative genomic analysis of the PAL genes in five Rosaceae species and functional identification of Chinese white pear.

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Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) plays an important role in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites regulating plant growth response. To date, the evolutionary history of the PAL family in Rosaceae plants remains unclear. In this study, we identified 16 PAL homologous genes in five

Molecular cloning, functional expression in Escherichia coli and enzymatic characterisation of a cysteine protease from white clover (Trifolium repens).

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This paper presents the cloning and biochemical characterisation of the cysteine protease Tr-cp 14 from white clover (Trifolium repens). The predicted amino acid sequence of Tr-cp 14 is 71%, 74% and 74% identical to the cysteine proteases XCP1 and XCP2 from Arabidopsis thaliana, and p48h-17 from

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