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Acetaldehyde has been reported, but has not been proven, to be the toxic entity resulting from metaldehyde ingestion. To investigate this, male dogs were given a single dose of 600 mg metaldehyde or acetaldehyde/kg of body wt via stomach tube. Clinical signs were monitored, and plasma and urine were
Ethanol-induced emesis were investigated using Suncus murinus and the emetogenic mechanisms of ethanol were compared with those of cisplatin. Intraperitoneal injection of ethanol caused dose-dependent emesis with ED50 value of 22.3% (v/v) when injection volume was adjusted to 4 ml/kg.
BACKGROUND
During the standard heat sterilization process of lactate-buffered peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions, glucose degrades to form compounds called glucose degradation products such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, or glyoxal. Despite evidence that these products may be responsible for some in
BACKGROUND
Disulfiram is a substance often used to treat alcohol dependency. The agent may be effective when used as supportive therapy. Disulfiram causes an accumulation of acetaldehyde when alcohol is consumed, which results in unpleasant sensations such as warmth, nausea, vomiting and
Introduction: Disulfiram-ethanol reaction (DER) due to acetaldehyde accumulation occurs after drinking ethanol during disulfiram therapy. DER may result in life-threatening toxicity requiring urgent critical care. Fomepizole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor used to treat toxic alcohol
The aim of this original research is to evaluate the effect of SG on alcohol intake symptoms, blood alcohol content (BAC), and alcohol metabolite levels.At 0-6-12 months after SG, BAC of patients was measured at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min, and then every 30 min, A double-blind, placebo-controlled study in eight healthy male volunteers was conducted to study possible disulfiram-type reactions and hypoprothrombinemia associated with cefotetan administration. Three doses of cefotetan (2 g) or of placebo were administered at 12-h intervals. Ethanol (0.5 g/kg of
Sulfiram, a drug applied topically to treat scabies, produces effects similar to those of disulfiram after subsequent ingestion of ethanol. Disulfiram, used in aversion therapy in the treatment of alcoholism, inhibits hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) causing an accumulation of acetaldehyde
Disulfiram treatment for alcohol dependence is used with acceptable outcomes. By inhibiting the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme, this treatment increases acetaldehyde concentration after the ingestion of alcohol causing an unpleasant disulfiram-alcohol reaction. Typical symptoms include flushing,
Hydrogen cyanamide is used in agriculture as a plant growth regulator and is applied to many deciduous plants to stimulate uniform budbreak after dormancy, resulting in uniform flowering and maturity. Hydrogen cyanamide is highly toxic, and adverse health effects from contact include severe
Potentially serious cardiovascular changes occur in alcoholics as a results of carbimide-ethanol reactions (CERs). Hypotension and tachycardia often occur when blood acetaldehyde levels increase. Hypotension with bradycardia can also occur secondary to vagal stimulation, the results of retching or
The effects of repeated oral administration of cefuroxime axetil were assessed in Beagles. The test material, an ester, is hydrolysed following absorption from the intestine to yield the therapeutically active moiety, cefuroxime, together with acetic acid and acetaldehyde; in this study cefuroxime
BACKGROUND
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) can negatively affect quality of life and treatment compliance in breast cancer patients. Habitual alcohol consumption reportedly shows an inverse correlation with CINV, though the underlying mechanism is unknown. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
The disulfiram-ethanol reaction is a well-known clinical phenomenon occurring as a result of acetaldehyde accumulation in the blood. Symptoms usually begin within 5-15 minutes after ingestion of ethanol in patients who have taken disulfiram 3-123 hours earlier, and generally occur in the following
OBJECTIVE
Individuals with alcohol dependence are less likely to possess variant alleles of the alcohol-metabolizing genes, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2*2) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B*2), than non-alcohol-dependent controls. It is hypothesized that the mechanism through which these alleles