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Enhancing transgenic pea (Pisum sativum L.) resistance against fungal diseases through stacking of two antifungal genes (chitinase and glucanase).

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One way of enhancing and broadening resistance of plants to different biotic and abiotic stresses is to combine transgenes expressing several genes into a single line. This can be done using different strategies such as crossing, single vector with multiple genes, co-transformation, sequential

Oat (Avena sativa) seed extract as an antifungal food preservative through the catalytic activity of a highly abundant class I chitinase.

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Extracts from different higher plants were screened for the ability to inhibit the growth of Penicillium roqueforti, a major contaminating species in industrial food processing. Oat (Avena sativa) seed extracts exhibited a high degree of antifungal activity and could be used directly on rye bread to

A regulon conserved in monocot and dicot plants defines a functional module in antifungal plant immunity.

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At least two components that modulate plant resistance against the fungal powdery mildew disease are ancient and have been conserved since the time of the monocot-dicot split (≈ 200 Mya). These components are the seven transmembrane domain containing MLO/MLO2 protein and the syntaxin ROR2/PEN1,

Effect of the systemic fungicide benodanil on the growth and development of six spring barley varieties in the presence or absence of brown rust infection in the glasshouse.

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When applied at the juvenile growth stage, benodanil significantly reduced the occurrence of rust (Puccinia bordei) on barley plants. This was found in the susceptible varieties Midas, Zephyr, and Mazurka as well as in the slow-rusting varieties Tyra, Emir, and Vada. Benodanil increased the growth

Evaluation of the systemic activity of simeconazole in comparison with that of other DMI fungicides.

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The systemic activity of simeconazole (RS-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3-trimethylsilylpropan-2-ol) in plants was compared with those of eight other sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides. Simeconazole prevented the infection of Blumeria graminis (DC) Speer f sp hordei

Major antifungal activity from the bulbs of Indian squill Urginea indica is a chitinase.

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We have identified a chitinase with antifungal activity in the bulbs of the plant Urginea indica(Indian squill) and purified it about 26-fold. The purified preparation contained a Mr 29 kDa protein that was an active growth inhibitor of the fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani

Demethylase Inhibitor Fungicide Resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. sp. teres Associated with Target Site Modification and Inducible Overexpression of Cyp51.

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Pyrenophora teres f. sp. teres is the cause of net form of net blotch (NFNB), an economically important foliar disease in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Net and spot forms of net blotch are widely controlled using site-specific systemic fungicides. Although resistance to succinate dehydrogenase

Impact of fungicides on active oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) exposed to ozone.

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Two modern fungicides, a strobilurin, azoxystrobin (AZO), and a triazole, epoxiconazole (EPO), applied as foliar spray on spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Scarlett) 3 days prior to fumigation with injurious doses of ozone (150-250 ppb; 5 days; 7 h/day) induced a 50-60% protection against ozone

Therapeutic Potential of Young Green Barley Leaves in Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases: An Overview.

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Medicinal plants have played a major role as a functional food and pharmacological source of active substances. Barley grass (BG) is young green barley leaves. It is the young grass of the common barley plant Hordeum vulgare L. of the family Poeaceae (Graminae). It is a type of green grasses, and

Synergistic Enhancement of the Antifungal Activity of Wheat and Barley Thionins by Radish and Oilseed Rape 2S Albumins and by Barley Trypsin Inhibitors.

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Although thionins and 2S albumins are generally considered as storage proteins, both classes of seed proteins are known to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. We have now found that the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) thionin concentration required for 50% inhibition

Plants respond to pathogen infection by enhancing the antifungal gene expression of root-associated bacteria.

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Plant health and fitness widely depend on interactions with soil microorganisms. Some bacteria such as pseudomonads can inhibit pathogens by producing antibiotics, and controlling these bacteria could help improve plant fitness. In the present study, we tested whether plants induce changes in the

Strobilurin fungicides induce changes in photosynthetic gas exchange that do not improve water use efficiency of plants grown under conditions of water stress.

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The effects of five strobilurin (beta-methoxyacrylate) fungicides and one triazole fungicide on the physiological parameters of well-watered or water-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and soya (Glycine max Merr.) plants were compared. Water use efficiency (WUE) (the

Enhanced quantitative resistance against fungal disease by combinatorial expression of different barley antifungal proteins in transgenic tobacco.

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cDNAs encoding three proteins from barley (Hordeum vulgare), a class-II chitinase (CHI), a class-II beta-1,3-glucanase (GLU) and a Type-I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) were expressed in tobacco plants under the control of the CaMV 35S-promoter. High-level expression of the transferred genes

Species relationships between antifungal chitinase and nuclear rDNA (internal transcribed spacer) sequences in the genus Hordeum.

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The sequences of the chitinase gene (Chi-26) and the internal transcribed spacer of 18S - 5.8S - 26S rDNA (ITS1) were determined to analyze the phylogenetic relationships among species representing the four basic genomes of the genus Hordeum. Grouping analysis based on data for Chi-26 gene sequences

Improved antifungal activity of barley derived chitinase I gene that overexpress a 32kDa recombinant chitinase in Escherichia coli host.

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Agricultural crops suffer many diseases, including fungal and bacterial infections, causing significant yield losses. The identification and characterisation of pathogenesis-related protein genes, such as chitinases, can lead to reduction in pathogen growth, thereby increasing tolerance against

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