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hordeum spontaneum/carbohydrate
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Steam-girdling of barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves leads to carbohydrate accumulation and accelerated leaf senescence, facilitating transcriptomic analysis of senescence-associated genes.
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Leaf senescence can be described as the dismantling of cellular components during a specific time interval before cell death. This has the effect of remobilizing N in the form of amino acids that can be relocalized to developing seeds. High levels of carbohydrates have previously been shown to
Interactive Curve-Linear Relationship Between Alteration of Carbohydrate Macromolecular Structure Traits in Hulless Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Grain and Nutrient Utilization, Biodegradation and Bioavailability.
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The aim of this study was to reveal an interactive curve-linear relationship between altered carbohydrate macromolecular structure traits of hulless barley cultivars and nutrient utilization, biodegradation, as well as bioavailability. The cultivars had different carbohydrate macromolecular traits,
Barley and oat cultivars with diverse carbohydrate composition alter ileal and total tract nutrient digestibility and fermentation metabolites in weaned piglets.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of cereal carbohydrate form (isolated v. cereal matrix) and level, especially mixed-linked β-glucan (hereafter referred to as β-glucan) and starch amylase/amylopectin ratio on nutrient digestibility and fermentation parameters in the intestines of
Effect of barley and oat cultivars with different carbohydrate compositions on the intestinal bacterial communities in weaned piglets.
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This experiment was aimed at comparing the intestinal microbial community composition in pigs fed hulled common barley supplemented with isolated barley mixed-linked beta-glucan, four hulless barley varieties and breeding lines with mixed-linked beta-glucan contents ranging from 41 to 84 g kg(-1)
Relationship of carbohydrate molecular spectroscopic features in combined feeds to carbohydrate utilization and availability in ruminants.
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To date, there is no study on the relationship between carbohydrate (CHO) molecular structures and nutrient availability of combined feeds in ruminants. The objective of this study was to use molecular spectroscopy to reveal the relationship between CHO molecular spectral profiles (in terms of
Role of carbohydrates in proline accumulation in wilted barley leaves.
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The effect of wilting on proline synthesis, proline oxidation, and protein synthesis-all of which contribute to proline accumulation-was determined in nonstarved barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves. Nonstarved leaves were from plants previously in the light for 24 hours and starved leaves were from
Dependency of Nitrate Reduction on Soluble Carbohydrates in Primary Leaves of Barley under Aerobic Conditions.
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Nitrate reduction was studied as a function of carbohydrate concentration in detached primary leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Numar) seedlings under aerobic conditions in light and darkness. Seedlings were grown either in continuous light for 8 days or under a regimen of 16-hour light and
Carbohydrates in individual cells of epidermis, mesophyll, and bundle sheath in barley leaves with changed export or photosynthetic rate
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Carbohydrate metabolism of barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves induced to accumulate sucrose (Suc) and fructans was investigated at the single-cell level using single-cell sampling and analysis. Cooling of the root and shoot apical meristem of barley plants led to the accumulation of Suc and fructan in
Analysis of barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaf senescence and protease gene expression: a family C1A cysteine protease is specifically induced under conditions characterized by high carbohydrate, but low to moderate nitrogen levels.
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CONCLUSIONS
Senescence is the highly regulated last developmental phase of plant organs and tissues, and is optimized to allow nutrient remobilization to surviving plant parts, such as seeds of annual crops. High leaf carbohydrate to nitrogen (C : N) ratios have been implicated in the induction or
Diurnal carbohydrate metabolism of barley primary leaves.
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The carbohydrate content of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves was measured over a 24-hour cycle. Nonstructural carbohydrate accumulation was linear after the 1st hour of light, whereas utilization in the dark was fast initially and slowed as stored reserves were depleted. Sucrose was the most
The inter-relationship between processing-induced molecular structure features and metabolic and digestive characteristics in hulled and hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains with altered carbohydrate traits.
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BACKGROUND
The present study aimed to determine the microwave irradiation (MIR)-induced changes in protein molecular structures in barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains in relation to the truly absorbable protein nutrient supply to ruminant livestock systems. Samples from hulled and hulless cultivars of
Influence of different carbohydrate composition in barley varieties on Salmonella Typhimurium var. Copenhagen colonisation in a "Trojan" challenge model in pigs.
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Based on previously performed in vitro studies, which showed that hulless barley varieties could reduce large intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium var. Copenhagen proliferation in pigs, two in vivo experiments were conducted to prove these observations. In Experiment (Exp.) 1, 126 weaning piglets were
Morphology, Carbohydrate Distribution, Gene Expression, and Enzymatic Activities Related to Cell Wall Hydrolysis in Four Barley Varieties during Simulated Malting.
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Many biological processes, such as cell wall hydrolysis and the mobilisation of nutrient reserves from the starchy endosperm, require stringent regulation to successfully malt barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain in an industrial context. Much of the accumulated knowledge defining these events has been
Relationship between Fructose 2,6-Bisphosphate and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Darkened Barley Primary Leaves.
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Initial dark fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels in 10-day-old barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves increased when the photosynthetic period was lengthened, when the temperature during the prior photosynthetic period was reduced, and following leaf excision. These treatments also increased the leaf
Barley anther culture: assessment of carbohydrate effects on embryo yield, green plant production and differential plastid development in relation with albinism.
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Sugars and polyols were tested at different steps of anther culture in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to elucidate their influence on both the overall yield of androgenesis and the structure of plastids in relation to albinism. During the pretreatment period, the osmotic regulation in the medium was
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