anthocyanidin/atrofia

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Purple rice extract and anthocyanidins of the constituents protect against light-induced retinal damage in vitro and in vivo.

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This study evaluated the protective effects of purple rice ( Oryza sativa L.) bran extract (PRE) and its major anthocyanidins (cyanidin and peonidin) against light-induced retinal damage. In an in vitro experiment, cultured murine photoreceptor cells (661W) were damaged by a 24 h exposure to light.

Isolation and characterization of genes encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase (FeLAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (FeANR) in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum).

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Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a major group of flavonoids synthesized via the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, however the pathway has not been fully characterized in buckwheat. Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) are involved in the last steps of PA biosynthesis.

Delphinidin prevents disuse muscle atrophy and reduces stress-related gene expression.

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Delphinidin is a member of the anthocyanidin class of plant pigments. We examined the effects of delphinidin on muscle atrophy. Oral administration of delphinidin suppressed the muscle weight loss induced by mechanical unloading. Microarray analysis showed that delphinidin suppresses the

Delphinidin Prevents Muscle Atrophy and Upregulates miR-23a Expression.

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Delphinidin, one of the major anthocyanidins, shows protective effects against a variety of pathologies, including cancer, inflammation, and muscle atrophy. The purpose of this study was to determine the preventive mechanism of delphinidin on disuse muscle atrophy. In vitro and in vivo models were

Expression response of chalcone synthase gene to inducing conditions and its effect on flavonoids accumulation in two medicinal species of Anoectochilus.

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Anoectochilus roxburghii and Anoectochilus formasanus are the major species of genus Anoectochilus used in traditional Chinese medicine for their abundant content of flavonoids and some other medicinal constituents. In recent years, their wild resources are gradually exhausted due to over-collection

UDP-glucose:3-deoxyanthocyanidin 5-O-glucosyltransferase from Sinningia cardinalis.

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3-Deoxyanthocyanins are rare anthocyanin pigments produced by some mosses, ferns, and higher plants. The enzymes and genes responsible for biosynthesis of 3-deoxyanthocyanins have not been well characterized. We identified a novel gene encoding UDP-glucose:3-deoxyanthocyanidin

Inhibition on cholinesterase and tyrosinase by alkaloids and phenolics from Aristotelia chilensis leaves.

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It is reported in this study the effect of isolates from leaves of Aristotelia chilensis as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase enzymes. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the activity of A. chilensis towards different enzymes. In addition to pure

Cytoprotective Mechanism of Cyanidin and Delphinidin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Tenofibroblast Death.

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Age-related rotator cuff tendon degeneration is related to tenofibroblast apoptosis. Anthocyanins reduce oxidative stress-induced apoptotic cell death in tenofibroblasts. The current study investigated the presence of cell protective effects in cyanidin and delphinidin, the most common aglycon forms

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Klotho: A Tale of Two Renal Hormones Coming of Age.

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1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) is the renal metabolite of vitamin D that signals through binding to the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). The ligand-receptor complex transcriptionally regulates genes encoding factors stimulating calcium and phosphate absorption plus bone remodeling, maintaining a

Delphinidin-3-glucoside suppresses lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells.

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Delphinidin is an anthocyanidin commonly found in various fruits and vegetables. Delphinidin has been known to possess many functions, such as an antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-muscular atrophy agent. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effects of delphinidin on

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