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Autophagy is increased in prostate cancer cells overexpressing acid ceramidase and enhances resistance to C6 ceramide.

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Acid ceramidase (AC) overexpression has been observed in prostate cancer cell lines and primary tumors, and contributes to resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. The consequence of AC overexpression is the ability to convert ceramide, which is often produced as a proapoptotic response to stress,

DNA damage induces down-regulation of UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase, increases ceramide levels and triggers apoptosis in p53-deficient cancer cells.

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DNA damaging agents typically induce an apoptotic cascade in which p53 plays a central role. However, absence of a p53-mediated response does not necessarily abrogate programmed cell death, due to the existence of p53-independent apoptotic pathways, such as those mediated by the pro-apoptotic

Cancer stem cells and ceramide signaling: the cutting edges of immunotherapy

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The multipotent, self renewing "cancer stem cells" (CSCs), a small population within tumor microenvironment facilitates transformed cells to grow and propagate within the body. The CSCs are discovered as resistant to the chemotherapeutic drug with distinct immunological characteristics. In recent

PKCζ mediated anti-proliferative effect of C2 ceramide on neutralization of the tumor microenvironment and melanoma regression.

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Immunotherapy, which has advantages over chemotherapy due to lesser toxicity and higher specificity, is on the rise to treat cancer. Recently, pro-apoptotic glycolipid, ceramide has emerged as a key regulator in cancer immunotherapy. The present study elucidated the potential anti-melanoma efficacy

Hydrogel-mediated delivery of celastrol and doxorubicin induces a synergistic effect on tumor regression via upregulation of ceramides

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The release of anticancer drugs in systemic circulation and their associated toxicity are responsible for the poor efficacy of chemotherapy. Therefore, the identification of new chemotherapeutic combinations designed to be released near the tumor site in a sustained manner has the potential to

Selective inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX decreases cell proliferation and induces ceramide-mediated apoptosis in human cancer cells.

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Recently, carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors have been proposed as a potential new class of antitumor agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of three CA inhibitors, namely acetazolamide (AZ) and two newly synthesized aromatic sulfonamides with high affinity for CA IX,

Therapeutic PEG-ceramide nanomicelles synergize with salinomycin to target both liver cancer cells and cancer stem cells.

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OBJECTIVE Salinomycin (SAL)-loaded PEG-ceramide nanomicelles (SCM) were prepared to target both liver cancer cells and cancer stem cells. METHODS The synergistic ratio of SAL/PEG-ceramide was evaluated to prepare SCM, and the antitumor activity of SCM was examined both in vitro and in

Paclitaxel and ceramide synergistically induce cell death with transient activation of EGFR and ERK pathway in pancreatic cancer cells.

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The molecular and cellular mechanism of the development of pancreatic cancer is under constant and intensive study, and yet the cure is still out of reach. While surgical treatment is optional, conventional chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy remains the best choice. Among others, paclitaxel is

Elevation of de novo ceramide synthesis in tumor masses and the role of microsomal dihydroceramide synthase.

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Ceramide is formed through sphingomyelin hydrolysis or de novo synthesis and may play a key role in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. To clarify which pathway tumor cells use to form ceramide and how its formation is regulated, we determined the levels of dihydroceramide and ceramide in

The human retinoblastoma gene product suppresses ceramide-induced apoptosis in human bladder tumor cells.

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The retinoblastoma gene product, Rb, has previously been implicated as an obligatory component in the antiproliferative effects mediated by the lipid second messenger, ceramide. We have evaluated both the apoptotic effects and the effects on cell cycle distribution of the exogenous cell-permeable

Cationic ceramides and analogues, LCL30 and LCL85, as adjuvants to photodynamic therapy of tumors.

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is known to alter the expression of various genes in treated cells. This prompted us to examine the activity of genes encoding two important enzymes in sphingolipid (SL) metabolism, dihydroceramide desaturase (DES) and sphingosine kinase (SPHK), in mouse SCCVII tumor cells

Resveratrol structure and ceramide-associated growth inhibition in prostate cancer cells.

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Resveratrol (3,4',5-trans-trihydroxystilbene) is a dietary polyphenol with chemopreventive properties present in grapes, red wine, peanuts and other edible products. The antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect of resveratrol in breast cancer cells can be traced to the accumulation of ceramide. In

Ceramide toxicity and metabolism differ in wild-type and multidrug-resistant cancer cells.

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Previously we demonstrated that multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells have elevated levels of a glycosylated form of ceramide, glucosylceramide. Here we compared ceramide metabolism and ceramide toxicity in MCF-7 and in adriamycin-resistant (MCF-7-AdrR) human breast cancer cells. MCF-7-AdrR cells

The ceramide analog, B13, induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines and inhibits tumor growth in prostate cancer xenografts.

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BACKGROUND Apoptosis is a therapeutic target for the elimination of cancer cells. As elevations in ceramide levels induce apoptosis, there is much excitement about the use of agents that elevate ceramide levels as novel chemotherapeutic agents. Ceramidases are enzymes involved in degradation of

Synergistic cytotoxicity between tamoxifen and the plant toxin persin in human breast cancer cells is dependent on Bim expression and mediated by modulation of ceramide metabolism.

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Phytochemicals have provided an abundant source of novel therapeutics for the treatment of human cancers. We have previously described a novel plant toxin, persin, derived from avocado leaves, which has unique in vivo actions in the mammary epithelium and Bim-dependent, cytotoxic effects in human

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