disaccharide/hemorrhage

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Dependence of the C-6 sulfate of the glucosamine moiety and 1----4 glycosidic linkage of heparin disaccharides for production of hemorrhage: reversal of the antihemostatic activity of heparin and their fragments by adenosine triphosphate and myosin.

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Topical application or intraperitoneal injection of heparin and heparin oligosaccharides produces a potent inhibition of skin hemostasis. Studies conducted with disaccharides derived from heparin, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfates have shown that delta-4,5-uronyl-(1----4)-glucosamine,

Structural requirements of heparin disaccharides responsible for hemorrhage: reversion of the antihemostatic effect by ATP.

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Topically applied heparin and heparan sulfate disaccharides, with the basic structure delta-4,5 uronyl-(1----4)-glucosamine and bearing a sulfate at the C-6 position of the glucosamine residue, are antihemostatics as potent as heparin, producing uncontrollable hemorrhage from small blood vessels.

Antihemostatic activity of heparin disaccharides and oligosaccharides obtained by chemical and enzymatic fragmentation: reversal of the hemorrhagic activity by ATP and myosin.

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Heparin and its fragments, namely, trisulfated disaccharide, pentasulfated tetrasaccharide, octasulfated hexasaccharide and an oligosaccharide (M.W. 6,300) prepared by enzymatic fragmentation and an oligosaccharide (M.W. 4,500) prepared by chemical fragmentation are potent inhibitors of skin

Non-absorbable disaccharides versus placebo/no intervention and lactulose versus lactitol for the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis.

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BACKGROUND Non-absorbable disaccharides (lactulose and lactitol) are recommended as first-line treatment for hepatic encephalopathy. The previous (second) version of this review included 10 randomised clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating non-absorbable disaccharides versus placebo/no intervention and

Determination of endogenous glycosaminoglycans derived disaccharides in human plasma by HPLC: validation and application in a clinical study.

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SB-424323 is a new, orally active anti-thrombotic agent presently in phase-II clinical development, with limited hemorrhagic risk and a unique mechanism of action involving the induction of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) biosynthesis. The objective of the present study was to develop a simple and rapid

Intestinal strictures presenting with gastrointestinal blood loss.

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The typical manifestations of intestinal strictures include abdominal distention, bilious vomiting, hematochezia, diarrhea, disaccharide intolerance, and occasional growth failure. However, chronic gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss from ulcers at the site of the stricture has not been noted as a

The crystal structure of shiga toxin type 2 with bound disaccharide guides the design of a heterobifunctional toxin inhibitor.

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Shiga toxin type 2 (Stx2a) is clinically most closely associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7-mediated hemorrhagic colitis that sometimes progresses to hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The ability to express the toxin has been acquired by other Escherichia coli strains, and outbreaks of food

Design and synthesis of a native heparin disaccharide grafted poly‑2‑aminoethyl methacrylate glycopolymer for inhibition of melanoma cell metastasis.

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Numerous studies have proved that heparin, a sub-group of glycosaminoglycan, possesses great potential as anti-metastasis agent. However, the native strong anti-coagulant activity which causes serious side effects, such as bleeding, has limited its clinical applications for safety concern. To

Non-absorbable disaccharides versus placebo/no intervention and lactulose versus lactitol for the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis.

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Nonabsorbable disaccharides for hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Nonabsorbable disaccharides (NADs) have been used to treat hepatic encephalopathy (HE) since 1966. However, a Cochrane Review, published in 2004, found insufficient evidence to recommend their use in this context. This updated systematic review evaluates the effects of the NADs, lactulose and

Trehalose treatment suppresses inflammation, oxidative stress, and vasospasm induced by experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.

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BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) frequently results in several complications, including cerebral vasospasm, associated with high mortality. Although cerebral vasospasm is a major cause of brain damages after SAH, other factors such as inflammatory responses and oxidative stress also

A murine model of antibody-mediated hyperacute rejection by galactose-alpha(1,3)galactose antibodies in Gal o/o mice.

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BACKGROUND In pig-to-primate/human xenografts, hyperacute rejection of primarily vascularized organs usually occurs in 10-60 min and is due to the reaction of the recipients' natural antibodies with antigens expressed on the donor endothelium, the fixation of complement, and ultimately vascular

Trehalose alleviates PC12 neuronal death mediated by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells via inhibiting nuclear transcription factor NF-κB and AP-1 activation.

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Inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Trehalose is a disaccharide which exhibits a variety of effects like anti-aggregation, autophagy enhancement in PD. It has also been known to suppress inflammation in many experimental models, involving endotoxin shock,

Structural composition and anticoagulant activity of dermatan sulfate from the skin of the electric eel, Electrophorus electricus (L.).

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We determined the disaccharide composition of dermatan sulfate (DS) purified from the skin of the electric eel Electrophorus electricus. DS obtained from the electric eel was composed of non-sulfated, mono-sulfated disaccharides bearing esterified sulfate groups at positions C-4 or C-6 of N-acetyl

Non-Anticoagulant Fractions of Enoxaparin Suppress Inflammatory Cytokine Release from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Allergic Asthmatic Individuals.

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BACKGROUND Enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, is known to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, its clinical exploitation as an anti-inflammatory agent is hampered by its anticoagulant effect and the associated risk of bleeding. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to examine

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