hypernatremia/hypoxia

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Intracranial hemorrhages in kittens: hypernatremia versus hypoxia.

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Although CNS hemorrhages have long been observed in infants with hyaline membrane disease, the etiology of these hemorrhages is still unknown. Two proposed etiologies are hypoxia with acidosis and iatrogenic hypernatremia secondary to sodium bicarbonate therapy. An experiment on kittens comparing

Cardioprotective effect of N-methylnicotinamide salt of pyruvate in experimental model of cardiac hypoxia.

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BACKGROUND Pyruvate improves contractility of normal, hypoxic, and post-ischemic myocardium. However, sodium overload is a major problem with its therapeutic application if sodium pyruvate is used. Development of alternative forms such as N-1-methylnicotinamide (MNA) pyruvate may help to overcome

Role of angiotensin II and oxidative stress in renal inflammation by hypernatremia: benefits of atrial natriuretic peptide, losartan, and tempol.

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The body regulates plasma sodium levels within a small physiologic range, despite large variations in daily sodium and water intake. It is known that sodium transport in the kidneys plays an important role in hypoxia, being the major determinant of renal oxygen consumption. Tubular epithelial cell

[So-called refractory hypoxemia: treatment with acexamic acid].

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Acexamic acid is currently used to avoid pulmonary fibrosis in patients treated with bleomycim. It seems to be equally effective to prevent pulmonary fibrosis in adult respiratory distress syndrome. The complications of this therapy are hypercalcemia and hypernatremia.

Acid-base, metabolic, and hemodynamic effects of sodium bicarbonate or tromethamine administration in anesthetized dogs with experimentally induced metabolic acidosis.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate buffering capacity and side effects of equivalent doses of tromethamine (THAM) and sodium bicarbonate (BIC). METHODS 18 purebred dogs. METHODS Acidosis was induced by having dogs breathe a hypoxic gas mixture (FIO2 = 0.10) until arterial base balance < or = -7.5 mEq/L was

Severe metabolic alkalosis due to baking soda ingestion: case reports of two patients with unsuspected antacid overdose.

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Oral ingestion of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) has been used for decades as a home remedy for acid indigestion. Excessive bicarbonate ingestion places patients at risk for a variety of metabolic derangements including metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, and even hypoxia. The

Electrolytes imbalance in saltwater near-drowning victims in the Gulf of Thailand.

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BACKGROUND Near-drowning victims in saltwater are expected to have multiple electrolytes imbalance that affected treatment outcome. There are limited data about these parameters in Thailand to guide the treatment plan. OBJECTIVE To study the characteristic of electrolytes imbalance in saltwater

Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhages in infants: a widening age spectrum.

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Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), a problem widely recognized in premature infants, was found in six older infants, ages 2 weeks to 3 months. IVH was often initially misdiagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningits with a traumatic lumbar tap. IVH occurred primarily in infants with

Cell volume regulation: physiology and pathophysiology.

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Cell volume perturbation initiates a wide array of intracellular signalling cascades, leading to protective and adaptive events and, in most cases, activation of volume-regulatory osmolyte transport, water loss, and hence restoration of cell volume and cellular function. Cell volume is challenged

[The use of simplified regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous veno-venous hemofiltration].

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OBJECTIVE To study the safety and effect of simplified regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) in continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). METHODS Fourteen patients were treated with CVVH using simplified RAC. Simplified anticoagulation protocol included the addition of 4% sodium citrate into

Medical complications of head injury.

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There are many common and significant medical complications of head injury. These include (1) cardiovascular problems such as hyperdynamic state, myocardial injury, and dysrhythmias; (2) respiratory changes such as neurogenic pulmonary edema, hypoxia, abnormal ventilatory patterns, pulmonary

Pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure due to severe hypernatremic dehydration.

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BACKGROUND Neonates are at risk of developing hypernatremic dehydration and its associated complications, such as stroke, dural sinus thrombosis and renal vein thrombosis. Pulmonary hypertension has not been described as a complication of hypernatremia. METHODS We report a case of a seven-day-old

Plasma potassium response after tromethamine (THAM) or sodium bicarbonate in the acidotic rabbit.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the plasma potassium (K+) response after administration of tromethamine (THAM) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in an acidotic rabbit model. Eighteen healthy, adult female New Zealand White rabbits were subjected to severe hypoxia until a base deficit of -10

Excess sodium is deleterious on endothelial and glycocalyx barrier function: A microfluidic study.

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BACKGROUND Hypernatremia is a common problem affecting critically ill patients, whether due to underlying pathology or the subsequent result of hypertonic fluid resuscitation. Numerous studies have been published, suggesting that hypernatremia may adversely affect the vascular endothelial

Atypical bromethalin intoxication in a dog: pathologic features and identification of an isomeric breakdown product.

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BACKGROUND Definitive post mortem confirmation of intoxication by the neurotoxic rodenticide bromethalin can be challenging. Brain lesions are not specific and detection of bromethalin and its metabolites are unpredictable due to rapid photodegradation and inconsistent behavior in tissues. METHODS A

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