latent tuberculosis/nikotín

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In This Issue: Opiates, Tobacco, Social Determinants of Health, Social Accountability for Non-Profit Hospitals, More on PCMH, and Clinical Topics.

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This issue contains several articles about the factors contributing to the complex and deadly interplay between social determinants of health, pain, mental illness, and addictive substances such as opioids and tobacco. One article clearly is a call to action: more than half of opioid prescriptions

Association between smoking and latent tuberculosis in the U.S. population: an analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

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BACKGROUND Evidence of an association between cigarette smoking and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is based on studies in special populations and/or from high prevalence settings. We sought to evaluate the association between LTBI and smoking in a low prevalence TB setting using

Can social history variables predict prison inmates' risk for latent tuberculosis infection?

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Improved screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in correctional facilities may improve TB control. The Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction (ODRC) consists of 32 prisons. Inmates are screened upon entry to ODRC and yearly thereafter. The objective of the study

Factors That Influence Treatment Completion for Latent Tuberculosis Infection.

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BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to describe factors associated with noncompletion of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) therapy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults who initiated LTBI treatment with isoniazid, rifampin, or isoniazid-rifapentine at 5 clinics.

Latent tuberculosis infection is associated with increased unstimulated levels of interferon-gamma in Lima, Peru.

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BACKGROUND We previously reported increased unstimulated blood levels of interferon-gamma in persons with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the United States, suggesting enhanced immune activation in LTBI. To investigate this further in a TB-endemic setting, we assessed interferon-gamma levels

The Relationship between Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Acute Myocardial Infarction.

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UNASSIGNED Tuberculosis has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We investigated whether latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is associated with AMI. UNASSIGNED We conducted a case-control study in 2 large national

Impact of socioeconomic status and living condition on latent tuberculosis diagnosis among the tribal population of Melghat: A cohort study.

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OBJECTIVE To study socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions (LC) as risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and their impact on QuantiFERON-TB gold (QFT-G) and tuberculin skin test (TST) outcome for determining a better diagnostic test for LTBI in the malnourished tribal

Elevated Circulating Concentrations of Interferon-Gamma in Latent Tuberculosis Infection.

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BACKGROUND Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been associated with increased immune activation. We assessed circulating concentrations of interferon-gamma in persons with LTBI. METHODS We used the 2011-2012 National Health Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) to identify adults with and

Prevalence and correlates of latent tuberculosis infection among employees of a high security prison in Malaysia.

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OBJECTIVE Although prison employees share the same tuberculosis (TB) risk environment with prisoners, the magnitude of TB problems among prison employees is unknown in most resource-limited prisons. This survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence and correlates of tuberculin skin test (TST)

Predictors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment After Introduction of a New Regimen: A Retrospective Cohort Study at an Inner City Clinic.

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Background. Despite the low and decreasing prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States, there remain certain high-risk groups with high incidence rates. The targeted screening and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) among these high-risk groups are needed to achieve TB elimination;

Private sector tuberculosis prevention in the US: Characteristics associated with interferon-gamma release assay or tuberculin skin testing.

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To determine whether latent tuberculosis infection risk factors are associated with an increased likelihood of latent tuberculosis infection testing in the US private healthcare sector. A national sample of medical and pharmacy claims representing services rendered January 2011 through December 2013

[Medical students at risk: prevalence and incidence of tuberculin skin test conversion].

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BACKGROUND One third of the world population is affected by latent tuberculosis, with 9.4 million new cases; medical students have 2 to 50 times the probability of acquiring the infection. OBJECTIVE Establish the baseline prevalence of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) at the beginning of medical

Risk factors for active tuberculosis in 938 QuantiFERON-positive schoolchildren in Mongolia: a community-based cross-sectional study.

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There is controversy regarding the relative influence of 'exogenous' versus 'endogenous' factors on the risk of progression from latent tuberculosis infection to active tuberculosis (TB) disease in children.We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to

Tuberculosis among correctional facility workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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BACKGROUND Prison inmates can transmit tuberculosis, including drug-resistant strains, to correctional facility workers and the community. In this systematic literature review, we investigated the magnitude of active and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and associated risk factors among

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