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Enhanced vascular contractility and diminished coronary artery flow in rats made hypertensive from diet-induced obesity.

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OBJECTIVE To determine whether obesity-induced hypertension was associated with alterations in vascular contractility and/or cardiac function. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a low fat (LF; 11% kcal as fat) or a moderately high fat (MHF; 32% kcal as fat) diet for 11

Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation in Young and Old Obese Adults Does Not Affect Acute Glucose and Insulin Responses but Lowers Oxidative Stress.

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BACKGROUND Aging and obesity are associated with raised oxidative stress and a reduction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, with subsequent decline in insulin sensitivity and endothelial function. Inorganic nitrate is converted into NO via a 2-step reduction process and may be an effective

Long-term treatment with the beta-3 adrenoceptor agonist, mirabegron ameliorates detrusor overactivity and restores cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in obese mice.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of the beta-3 adrenoceptor agonist, mirabegron in a mouse model of detrusor overactivity induced by obesity. METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were fed with standard chow or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Lean and obese mice were treated orally with mirabegron (10 mg/kg/day)

Effects of potassium supplementation on insulin binding and insulin action in human obesity: protein-modified fast and refeeding.

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To investigate the role of potassium deficiency in the development of glucose intolerance during caloric deprivation, potassium balance was maintained within normality with oral potassium supplementation in a group of obese subjects who underwent protein-modified fast and the results of the study of

Comparison of daily diets containing 400 kcal (1.67 MJ) of either protein or glucose, and their effects on the response to subsequent total fasting in obese subjects.

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Eleven obese subjects (body mass index, 41.3 kg/m2) were examined to determine their metabolic and acid-base responses during two hypoenergetic diets, and the diets' influence on subsequent responses to prolonged total fasting. Subjects were first treated for 2 wk with 400-kcal/d (1.67-MJ/d) diets

The Copenhagen PLAFA project: a randomized trial of gastroplasty versus very-low-calorie diet in the treatment of severe obesity (preliminary results).

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Consecutive patients, between 18 and 54 years, suffering from morbid obesity (greater than or equal to 60 per cent overweight) are being randomized to either gastroplasty a.m. Gomez or to a very-low-calorie diet (341 kcal, 1.43 MJ) based on a high-value protein powder with an admixture of calcium,

Estrogen has opposing effects on vascular reactivity in obese, insulin-resistant male Zucker rats.

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We hypothesized that estradiol treatment would improve vascular dysfunction commonly associated with obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. A sham operation or 17beta-estradiol pellet implantation was performed in male lean and obese Zucker rats. Maximal vasoconstriction (VC) to

Rosuvastatin improves cerebrovascular function in Zucker obese rats by inhibiting NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide production.

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Insulin-resistance induces cerebrovascular dysfunction and increases the risk for stroke. We investigated whether rosuvastatin (RSV), a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, can reverse reduced cerebrovascular responsiveness in insulin-resistant rats. Dilator responses of the

Bee bread attenuates high fat diet induced renal pathology in obese rats via modulation of oxidative stress, downregulation of NF-kB mediated inflammation and Bax signalling.

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Context: Global prevalence of obesity is increasing. Objective: To study the effect of bee bread (BB) on serum renal function parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory and B-cell associated protein X (Bax) in the kidneys of high fat diet (HFD) obese rats. Methods: Thirty-six

The toxic effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) - The involvement of nitric oxide, prostanoids and potassium channels in the reactivity of thoracic arteries in MSG-obese rats.

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We investigated the potential effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity with regards to nitric oxide and prostanoid production, as well as potassium channel function, in rat thoracic arteries. Newborn male Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with typically reported MSG (4.0 mg/g)

Diet-induced obesity alters dural CGRP release and potentiates TRPA1-mediated trigeminovascular responses.

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Background Clinical studies suggest a link between obesity and the primary headache disorder migraine. In our study we aimed to reveal the effect of obesity on meningeal nociceptor function in rats receiving a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Methods Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)

Mesenteric arterial function in vitro in three models of experimental hypertension.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate arterial function in three models of experimental hypertension. METHODS Twenty-five-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), deoxycorticosterone-sodium chloride-treated Wistar-Kyoto rats (DOCs), and obese Zucker rats (OZRs) were used. Untreated Wistar-Kyoto rats

Novel murine model of congenital diabetes: The insulin hyposecretion mouse.

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UNASSIGNED Diabetic animal models have made an enormous contribution to our understanding of the etiology of diabetes and the development of new medications. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize a novel, non-obese murine strain with spontaneous diabetes - the insulin

Inhibition of insulin secretion by leptin in normal rodent islets of Langerhans.

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The recently discovered adipose cell-specific hormone called leptin decreases food intake and increases energy expenditure in rodents through a pathway involving hypothalamic leptin receptors, OB-R. In addition, leptin decreases insulin circulating levels independent of the reduction in food intake.

Genetic locus responsible for diabetic phenotype in the insulin hyposecretion (ihs) mouse

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Diabetic animal models have made significant contributions to understanding the etiology of diabetes and to the development of new medications. Our research group recently developed a novel diabetic mouse strain, the insulin hyposecretion (ihs)mouse. The strain involves neither obesity nor insulitis

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