Effects of peri-implant infection on serum biochemical analysis

Background: Peri-implant disease (PID) has not been directly linked to pathological organ changes. The present study assessed the dynamics of serum biochemical parameters in a model of experimental peri-implantitis in dogs, followed by open flap debridement.

Material and methods: Seven male Beagle dogs comprised the study group. Procedures were performed as follows - extractions of 2 premolars and one molar on each mandibular quadrant (Day 0); bone healing time (week14); placement of 4 rough-surface endoosseous implants, two on each mandibular side; implant uncovering (week 28); induction of experimental peri-implantitis by the use of 3 ligatures (weeks 31, 34, 37) followed by open flap debridement (week 42). Serum biochemical analysis following each procedure was compared to baseline. Biochemical parameters were assigned into 4 subsets of variables - inflammation, renal function, liver function, and blood glucose. Wilcoxon paired tests were conducted in order to identify statistically significant differences between baseline data and values obtained after each procedure RESULTS: Following experimental peri-implantitis, the dynamics of renal parameters and blood glucose were minimal whereas statistically significant (p<0.05) increases were noted for inflammatory (total protein and albumin concentrations) and hepatic (ALT, AST) parameters. A statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease was only noted for total bilirubin. After open flap debridement, inflammatory (total protein and albumin concentrations) and hepatic (AST) parameters returned to baseline.

Conclusions: Within their limits, the present results indicate that: a) peri-implant disease affects inflammatory and hepatic serum biochemical parameters, and b) following open flap debridement most of the values returned to baseline. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Intraoral peri-implant infection may substantially influence systemic biochemical values.