4 amino butyric acid/hypoxia

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[Contents of rabbit brains of gamma-amino butyric acid and ammonia after hypoxia and ischaemia (author's transl)].

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Relationship between ion gradients and neurotransmitter release in the newborn rat striatum during anoxia.

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It has been well documented that mammalian newborns are more resistant to hypoxia than adults. The mechanisms for this tolerance has attracted considerable attention due to its clinical implications. Recently, there has been great interest in comparing the mechanisms involved in such tolerance with

Glutamine synthetase, glutaminase and phosphodiesterase activities in brain under hypoxia: in vitro effect of cortisol, GABA and serotonin on glutamine synthetase.

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The effect of hypobaric hypoxia on the activities of glutamine synthetase, glutaminase and cyclic 3'5' AMP phosphodiesterase in rat brain was studied after exposure to 25,000' for 6 h. Glutamine synthetase activity was increased in all the regions of brain studied, and addition of gamma amino

Small molecules exert anti-apoptotic effect and reduce oxidative stress augmenting insulin secretion in stem cells engineered islets against hypoxia.

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Transplantation of pancreatic islets is the most reliable treatment for Type 1 diabetes. However cell death mediated by hypoxia is considered as one of the main difficulties hindering success in islet transplantation. The aim of our experiment was to investigate the role of small molecules in

Naked mole rats exhibit metabolic but not ventilatory plasticity following chronic sustained hypoxia.

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Naked mole rats are among the most hypoxia-tolerant mammals identified and live in chronic hypoxia throughout their lives. The physiological mechanisms underlying this tolerance, however, are poorly understood. Most vertebrates hyperventilate in acute hypoxia and exhibit an enhanced hyperventilation

Decreases in amino acids and acetylcholine metabolism during hypoxia.

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Hypoxia impairs brain function by incompletely defined mechanisms. Mild hypoxia, which impairs memory and judgment, decreases acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis, but not the levels of ATP or the adenylate energy charge. However, the effects of mild hypoxia on the synthesis of the glucose-derived amino

Persistent neurochemical changes in neonatal piglets after hypoxia-ischemia and resuscitation with 100%, 21% or 18% oxygen.

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BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a common complication of pregnancy and delivery. Conventional clinical practice is to resuscitate neonates with 100% O2, and evidence is building to suggest resuscitation with lower O2 concentrations is safer. Significant neurochemical changes are

Postnatal Erythropoietin Mitigates Impaired Cerebral Cortical Development Following Subplate Loss from Prenatal Hypoxia-Ischemia.

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Preterm birth impacts brain development and leads to chronic deficits including cognitive delay, behavioral problems, and epilepsy. Premature loss of the subplate, a transient subcortical layer that guides development of the cerebral cortex and axonal refinement, has been implicated in these

Prenatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Induces Abnormalities in CA3 Microstructure, Potassium Chloride Co-Transporter 2 Expression and Inhibitory Tone.

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Infants who suffer perinatal brain injury, including those with encephalopathy of prematurity, are prone to chronic neurological deficits, including epilepsy, cognitive impairment, and behavioral problems, such as anxiety, inattention, and poor social interaction. These deficits, especially in

Oxygen Sensing via the Ethylene Response Transcription Factor RAP2.12 Affects Plant Metabolism and Performance under Both Normoxia and Hypoxia.

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Subgroup-VII-ethylene-response-factor (ERF-VII) transcription factors are involved in the regulation of hypoxic gene expression and regulated by proteasome-mediated proteolysis via the oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end-rule pathway. While research into ERF-VII mainly focused on their role to

Oxygen-sensitive interneurons exhibit increased activity and GABA release during ROS scavenging in the cerebral cortex of the western painted turtle.

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The western painted turtle (Chrysemys picta bellii) has the unique ability of surviving several months in the absence of oxygen, which is termed anoxia. One major protective strategy that the turtle employs during anoxia is a reduction in neuronal electrical activity, which may result from a

Effect of experimental Escherichia coli meningitis on concentrations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the rabbit brain: in vivo microdialysis study.

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Excessive extracellular fluid concentrations of the amino acids glutamate and aspartate play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuronal cell damage during hypoxia, hypoglycemia, and seizure. The purpose of these investigations was to test the hypothesis that bacterial meningitis causes

Beta-alanine protection against hypoxic liver injury in the rat.

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Liver hypoxia still represents an important cause of liver injury during shock and liver transplantation. We have investigated the protective effects of beta-alanine against hypoxic injury using isolated perfused rat livers and isolated rat hepatocyte suspensions. Perfusion with hypoxic

Anesthetic protection of neurons injured by hypothermia and rewarming: roles of intracellular Ca2+ and excitotoxicity.

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BACKGROUND Mild hypothermia is neuroprotective after cerebral ischemia but surgery involving profound hypothermia (PH, temperature less than 18°C) is associated with neurologic complications. Rewarming (RW) from PH injures hippocampal neurons by glutamate excitotoxicity, N-methyl-D-aspartate

Metabolic and biochemical responses of Potamogeton anguillanus Koidz. (Potamogetonaceae) to low oxygen conditions.

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Oxygen availability in water is considered one of the most important factors for growth and productivity in aquatic submerged macrophytes. In the present study, the growth, stress responses, and metabolic changes in Potamogeton anguillanus Koidz. (Potamogetonaceae) were assessed after a 21-day

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