4 amino butyric acid/seizures

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Anti-convulsant activity of diazepam and clonidine on metaldehyde-induced seizures in mice: effects on brain gamma-amino butyric acid concentrations and monoamine oxidase activity.

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Metaldehyde when administered orally to mice at a dose of 1 g kg-1 produced convulsions and death within 2 h. Brain concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were significantly reduced and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity significantly increased in these animals relative to controls.

Temporary Seizure in an Infant Who Had Been Exposed to G-Amino Butyric Acid Receptor Antagonist Thiocolchicoside.

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Seizure is the most common presentation of neurological disorder in the pediatric emergency care setting. In evaluating the child after a first seizure, the first consideration should be determining if the seizure was provoked or unprovoked. Investigation listing the causes of the first seizure is

Genetic variability in glutamic acid decarboxylase genes: associations with post-traumatic seizures after severe TBI.

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Post traumatic seizures (PTS) occur frequently after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission is central to excitotoxicity and seizure development across multiple models, we investigated how genetic variability for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)

The genetics of febrile seizures and related epilepsy syndromes.

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Febrile seizures (FS) may represent the most common seizure disorder in childhood and are known to be associated with putative genetic predispositions. Nevertheless, molecular genetic approaches toward understanding FS have been just initiated this decade. Recently, several genetic loci for FS have

Molecular and neurochemical substrates of the audiogenic seizure strains: The GASH:Sal model.

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Animal models of audiogenic epilepsy are useful tools to understand the mechanisms underlying human reflex epilepsies. There is accumulating evidence regarding behavioral, anatomical, electrophysiological, and genetic substrates of audiogenic seizure strains, but there are still aspects concerning

Preliminary observations on the activity of progabide, administered as monotherapy in complex partial seizures.

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Progabide (PGB), a gamma-amino-butyric acid receptor agonist, was administered, according to an open-label long-term design, to 40 adult patients suffering from complex partial seizures, with or without secondary generalization, whose response to carbamazepine (CBZ) monotherapy was unsatisfactory. A

Intrastrain differences in seizure susceptibility, pharmacological response and basal neurochemistry of Wistar rats.

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Reliable well-characterised animal models of seizures are necessary in order to better understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms as well as to screen potential anticonvulsant drugs. We currently use the focal pilocarpine model as an acute limbic seizure model. Due to breeding problems

Effect of Withania somnifera Dunal root extract against pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold in mice: possible involvement of GABAergic system.

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Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is a widely used herb in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the effect of W. somnifera root extract (Ws) alone or in combination with exogenous gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), a GABA receptor agonist or with

Changes in striatal and cortical amino acid and ammonia levels of rat brain after one hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizure.

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Changes in amino acids (AA) and ammonia were investigated in the cerebral cortex and striatum of rats after the following conditions: 1) one hyperbaric oxygen (HBO)-induced seizure (6 ATA O2); 2) exposure to 6 ATA air; and 3) exposure to atmospheric pressure (no seizures in both latter groups).

Time course of the effect of status epilepticus induced in the developing rat on γ-amino butyric acid and glutamate cerebellar concentration.

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BACKGROUND Status epilepticus (SE) is an epileptic condition that can cause cerebellar atrophy and loss of Purkinje cells in both humans and research animals. Cerebellum is a region rich in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate, and some studies have shown that their concentrations may be altered

Effects of low-frequency hippocampal stimulation on gamma-amino butyric acid type B receptor expression in pharmacoresistant amygdaloid kindling epileptic rats.

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OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of low-frequency hippocampal stimulation on gamma-amino butyric acid type B (GABA-B) receptor expression in hippocampus pharmacoresistant epileptic rats. METHODS Sixteen pharmacoresistant epileptic rats were selected by testing their seizure response to phenytoin and

Electroencephalographic characterisation of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice lacking the alpha 4 subunit of the neuronal nicotinic receptor.

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Autosomal Dominant Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (ADNFLE) is associated in some kindreds with mutations in the genes encoding the alpha 4 or beta 2 subunits of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Functional characterisation of the described ADNFLE mutations in oocyte

Effect of Co-administration of Bumetanide and Phenobarbital on Seizure Attacks in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

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The resistance of temporal lobe epilepsy to classic drugs is thought to be due to disruption in the excitation/inhibition of this pathway. Two chloride transporters, NKCC1 and KCC2, are expressed differently for the excitatory state of Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA). The present study

The effect of seizures on recovery of function following cortical contusion in the rat.

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The effect of seizures on recovery of motor function was studied in rats following unilateral contusion of the sensorimotor cortex. Animals receiving two electroconvulsive seizures (ECSs) within the first 24 hours postcontusion showed accelerated recovery of beam-walking ability, reduced volume of

Treatment of refractory complex partial seizures: role of vigabatrin.

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Vigabatrin (VGB) is an antiepileptic drug that was designed to inhibit GABA-transaminase, and increase levels of gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. VGB has demonstrated efficacy as an adjunctive antiepileptic drug for refractory complex partial

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