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Retinoic acid induced 1 ( RAI1 ) encodes a dosage-sensitive gene that when haploinsufficient results in Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) and when overexpressed results in Potocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS). Phenotypic and molecular evidence illustrates that haploinsufficiency of RAI1 disrupts circadian
Excessive daytime sleepiness arises frequently as a consequence of insufficient or shortened nocturnal sleep, or as a result of poor sleeps hygiene. One of the most common dyssomnias with imperative sleepiness is narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a chronic disease that greatly affects quality of life. The
UNASSIGNED
Dyssomnias are sleep disorders associated with complaints of insomnia or hypersomnia. The daytime sleepiness of narcolepsy is treated by a combination of planned daytime naps, regular exercise medications such as modafinil, or salts of methylphenidate, or amphetamine. Cataplexy that
This study analyzed the demographic characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses of 90 consecutive patients who visited a sleep disorder clinic in Taiwan with complaints of insomnia (difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or nonrestorative sleep) or hypersomnia (excessive sleepiness as evidenced
BACKGROUND
Sleep and epilepsy have strong reciprocal influences and this is true for all kinds of epilepsies. The interictal paroxysmal activity increases in slow wave sleep and the localization of the primary epileptogenic area is more reliable in paradoxical sleep.
METHODS
From a practical point
In recent years, sleep abnormalities have increasingly been observed in patients with movement disorders. During sleep, most patients with Parkinson's disease also exhibit the movements characteristically seen during the wake period. Movement activity during sleep may impair sleep quality and lead
The main interest in the association between sleep and temporal lobe dysfunction is based on the activation of ictal and interictal epileptic phenomena. The clinical semiology of NREM and REM parasomnias may resemble complex partial seizures. The differentiation between epilepsy and dissociated
In this article, we advocate the need for better understanding and treatment of children exhibiting inattentive, hyperactive, impulsive behaviors, by in-depth questioning on sleepiness, sleep-disordered breathing or problematic behaviors at bedtime, during the night and upon awakening, as well as
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology and parent-reported sleep problems among preschoolers ages 2 to 5 years.
METHODS
A total of 1,073 parents of preschoolers ages 2 to 5 years attending a large pediatric clinic completed the Child
Sleep disturbances, particularly insomnia, nightmares, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), are significant, proximal, and modifiable risk factors for suicidal ideation and behaviors (SIB) and could be targeted for preventative interventions. In this chapter, we review the evidence supporting the
Many children experience some type of sleep problem. Often, these are transient problems with no long-lasting sequelae. But in certain cases, sleep problems may significantly impact on functioning and well-being. Sleep disorders in children can be classified into two major categories. Dyssomnias
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was: 1) to examine both bedtime sleep behaviors and daytime behaviors associated with daytime sleepiness in a group of children with a primary medical sleep disorder (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome [OSAS]) compared with a group of children with a primary
Sleep problems are commonly encountered in children with a prevalence of 20-42 %. Sleep problem usually entails a sleep pattern that is unsatisfactory or cause of concern to the parent, child or physician. Children present to primary care physicians or pediatricians with mainly three types of sleep
In this part of the chapter we have used new terminology and developed a new system for classification of sleep disorders in children. We suggest that excessive daytime sleepiness should be investigated by clinicians before troubles at school necessitate referral. The narcolepsy-hypersomnia syndrome
Interactions between sleep and general pathology in pediatrics are numerous and little known. Sleep organization evolves with age and stages of development. The most important physiological sleep changes occur during the first year of life. The main symptom of sleep disorders is excessive daytime