7 rezultatet
OBJECTIVE
To explore the disease associated gene mutation of multiple exostoses by family analysis.
METHODS
Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used to detect the mutation hot spot regions of EXT1 and EXT2 gene, while restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed to screen the
BACKGROUND
The autosomal dominant condition multiple osteochondromas, formerly called multiple hereditary exostoses, is associated with a risk of malignant progression of osteochondroma into secondary peripheral chondrosarcoma. Most patients with multiple osteochondromas have exostosin-1 or
Metachondromatosis is a benign bone disease predominantly observed in the hands and feet of children or young adults demonstrating two different manifestations: a cartilage-capped bony outgrowth on the surface of the bone called exostosis and ectopic cartilaginous nodules inside the bone called
Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and IRS2 are well-characterized adapter proteins that relay signals from receptor tyrosine kinases to downstream components of signalling pathways. In contrast, the function of IRS4 is not well understood. IRS4 overexpression has been associated with acute
Peripheral dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DCS) is an exceedingly rare aggressive surface bone neoplasm in which a high-grade sarcoma arises within an osteochondroma. Four such examples were identified in our files, representing 11.1% of all DCS treated at our hospital in the years 1995-2010, and
Transdifferentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes into bone-forming osteoblasts has been reported, yet the underlying molecular mechanism remains incompletely understood. SHP2 is an ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase. SHP2 loss-of-function mutations in chondroid cells
The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2, encoded by PTPN11, is required for the survival, proliferation and differentiation of various cell types. Germline activating mutations in PTPN11 cause Noonan syndrome, whereas somatic PTPN11 mutations cause childhood myeloproliferative disease and contribute to some