MCSE group: 1 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected intrathecally

Dural puncture performed with a spinal needle, but no medication will be injected intrathecally.

To Determine the Onset of Analgesia (Numerical Rating Scale for Pain = 1) in Minutes

Modified CSE

DPE group: Dural puncture performed, but no medication will be injected intrathecally.

Dural puncture epidural

Comparison of Labor Analgesia Between Modified Combined Spinal-Epidural and Dural Puncture Epidural Techniques

Comparing the Quality of Labor Analgesia Between Modified Combined Spinal-Epidural and Dural Puncture Epidural Techniques: A Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial

Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain </= 1/10 in minutes

Time to T10 sensory block in minutes will be measured

Participants will be assessed for pruritus every hour, by grading the severity on a scale ranging from 0-3; 0 = none, 1 = mild, 2= moderate and 3 = severe

Fetal bradycardia is defined as a fetal heart rate of less than 100 beats per minute, persisting for more than 1 minute.

Western University, Canada

spinal fluid and blood sample for identification of different factors

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

lumbar puncture for spinal fluid and blood sample

Aarhus University Hospital

sCD163 in ALS Patients

Inflammation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - a Study of Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 163 in the Cerebrospinal Fluid

University of Aarhus

Patients, who are suspected to suffer from CIDP or MMN, will undergo a lumbar puncture as a part of the diagnostic procedure. We expect to include 5-10 patients.
Lumbar puncture Blood sample

All patients with established CIDP in maintenance treatment with SCIG or IVIG are recruited from local registries at the outpatient clinic at Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital.
We expect that 10-15 patients with CIDP and MMN treated with SCIG or IVIG eligible for inclusion. Furthermore, we expect to include 10 CIDP and MMN patients in maintenance therapy from the outpatient clinics at Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Neurology, Aalborg University Hospital.

Patients who are diagnosed with other causes of peripheral neuropathies than CIDP. We expect to include 20 patients

Controls include patients with unspecified neurological symptoms or diseases who will undergo a lumbar puncture at the Department of Neurology at Aarhus University Hospital as part of their diagnostic work up irrespective of this study plus healthy controls. We expected to include 40-50 symptomatic controls

Spinal fluid and blood sample for identification of different factors

Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating

Lumbar puncture

Blood sample

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: Etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis

Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital

sCD163 & CD19 as Candidate Biomarkers in CIDP and MMN

sCD163 & CD19 as Candidate Biomarkers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) - A Study of sCD163 in the Cerebrospinal Fluid

Ephedrine 10mg iv once at time of combined spinal epidural insertion

1ml normal saline intravenously once at time of combined spinal epidural insertion

Ephedrine 10mg iv once at time of combined spinal epidural insertion
Ephedrine: Patients received additional doses of ephedrine 10mg IV to a maximum of 30mg if BP remained low (<90mmHg systolic) and/was associated with persistent fetal bradycardia or maternal symptoms of dizziness and nausea

Prophylactic Ephedrine

1ml normal saline intravenously once at time of combined spinal epidural insertion
Placebo

Normal Saline Control Group

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Incidence of early profound fetal bradycardia

Early Profound Fetal Bradycardia

Incidence of Tetanic (sustained) Uterine Contraction (TUC)

Tetanic (Sustained) Uterine Contraction (TUC)

Urgent Cesarean Delivery

Overall Study

Dr. David R. Gambling

Labor Pain

Patients received additional doses of ephedrine 10mg IV to a maximum of 30mg if BP remained low (<90mmHg systolic) and/was associated with persistent fetal bradycardia or maternal symptoms of dizziness and nausea

Ephedrine

Patients received normal saline (placebo) administered immediately after combined spinal epidural (CSE) placement

post-dural puncture headache/asthenia

Comparison of Labor Analgesia Between Modified Combined Spinal-Epidural and Dural Puncture Epidural Techniques

sCD163 in ALS Patients

sCD163 & CD19 as Candidate Biomarkers in CIDP and MMN

Prophylactic Ephedrine and Combined Spinal Epidurals for Labor

Baza e të dhënave më e plotë e bimëve medicinale e mbështetur nga shkenca