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In the search for new antiresistance acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, EC 2.2.1.6) inhibitors to combat weed resistance associated with AHAS mutations, a series of 2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(substituted phenoxy)benzoic acids 11-38 were designed and synthesized via the strategy of
The siliques and seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana accumulate a series of glucosinolates containing an alkyl side chain of varying length with a terminal benzoate ester function. The biosynthesis of these unusual nitrogen- and sulfur-containing natural products was investigated by feeding
The specific set of reactions that lead to the synthesis of benzoic acid in plants is still unclear, and even the subcellular compartment in which these reactions occur is unknown. Biosynthesis of both vegetative tissues and seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana contain a class of defense compounds termed
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) siliques synthesize high levels of benzoic acid (BA), which is incorporated into several glucosinolate compounds. The origin of BA in the siliques has not yet been determined. Here, we show that siliques have higher levels of benzaldehyde (BD)-oxidizing activity
Polar transport of the hormone auxin through tissues and organs depends on membrane proteins, including some B-subgroup members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family. The messenger RNA level of at least one B-subgroup ABCB gene in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), ABCB19, increases
The spectacular recent progress in Arabidopsis thaliana molecular genetics furnishes outstanding tools for studying the formation and function of all metabolites in this cruciferous species. One of the major groups of secondary metabolites in A. thaliana is the glucosinolates. These hydrophilic,
Allelopathy is mediated by plant-derived secondary metabolites (allelochemicals), which are released by donor plants, and affect the growth and development of receptor plants. The plant root is the first organ sensing soil allelochemicals that produces shorter primary root, but the mechanisms
Methyl salicylate (MeSA), which is synthesized in plants from salicylic acid (SA) by methyltransferases, has roles in defense against microbial and insect pests. Most of the MeSA that accumulates after pathogen attack is synthesized by benzoic acid/SA carboxyl methyltransferase 1 (AtBSMT1). To
In our previous study we showed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Alcaligenes faecalis JBCS1294 (JBCS1294) induced tolerance to salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana by influencing the auxin and gibberellin pathways and upregulating the expression of key ion transporters. The aim of this
Secondary metabolites derived from benzoic acid (BA) are of central importance in the interactions of plants with pests, pathogens, and symbionts and are potentially important in plant development. Peroxisomal β-oxidation has recently been shown to contribute to BA biosynthesis in plants, but not
Salicylic acid (SA) is a primary factor responsible for exerting diverse immune responses in plants and is synthesized in response to attack by a wide range of pathogens. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) sid2 mutant is defective in a SA biosynthetic pathway involving ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1
Endogenous salicylic acid (SA) and its predominant conjugates, SA 2-O-beta-D-glucoside (SAG) and the glucose ester of SA (SGE), increase dramatically during plant defense responses. Here I report the isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis thaliana UDP-glucose:SA glucosyltransferase1
A total of eleven alkali-released, aromatic compounds were identified by HPLC, MS and NMR analyses in cell wall extracts from Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nine of them together constituted the three complete series of 4-hydroxy-, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy, and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-substituted
Plants are constantly exposed to numerous biotic or abiotic stress factors throughout their life-cycle. Pathogens and pathogen-derived molecules are the best studied inducers of plant defense responses, but synthetic and naturally occurring molecules have also been used to induce various types of
The plant pathogenic protist Plasmodiophora brassicae causes clubroot disease of Brassicaceae. This biotrophic organism can down-regulate plant defence responses. The previously characterised P. brassicae PbBSMT methyltransferase has substrate specificity for salicylic, benzoic and anthranilic