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Coxiella burnetii, the etiologic agent of human Q fever, is a gram-negative and naturally obligate intracellular bacterium. The O-specific polysaccharide chain (O-PS) of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of C. burnetii is considered a heteropolymer of the two unusual sugars β-D-virenose and
Mammalian cells exhibit increased sensitivity to hyperthermic temperatures of 38-43 degrees C after an acute high-temperature heat shock; this phenomenon is known as the stepdown heating (SDH) effect. We characterized the SDH effect on (1) the synthesis of major heat shock proteins, HSP110, 90,
The addition of D-glucose, D-galactose, or D-mannose to culture medium increased survival of heated Chinese hamster ovary cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Heat protection by sugars was not immediate but required prior incubation in the sugar medium before hyperthermia. The degree
Forty-one sporadic cases of non-O group 1 Vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis were detected in Orán, Salta, between February 1992 and February 1995. The frequency of isolation was 0.9% of the diarrhea cases. Out of 41 patients, 21 (51.2%) were older than 15 years and 25 (60.9%) were male. All the
Salmonella paratyphi A, the second most common cause of enteric fever in Southeast Asia, is a habitant of and a pathogen for humans only. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are both essential virulence factors and protective antigens for systemic infections caused by groups A, B, C, and D nontyphoidal
The biosynthesis of enveloped viruses depends heavily on the host cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) glycoprotein quality control (QC) machinery. This dependency exceeds the dependency of host glycoproteins, offering a window for the targeting of ERQC for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals.