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"Dark" neurons were produced in the cortex of the rat brain by hypoglycemic convulsions. In the somatodendritic domain of each affected neuron, the ultrastructural elements, except for disturbed mitochondria, were remarkably preserved during the acute stage, but the distances between them were
Opium has found great use medicinally for its analgesic properties and has been witnessed as one of the most popular medications used in psychiatry. Opium derivatives have been shown as efficacious for relieving pain and the treatment of epileptic seizures, but progressive research toward their use
While the consumption of caffeine and cocoa has been associated with a variety of health benefits to humans, some authors have proposed that excessive caffeine intake may increase the frequency of epileptic seizures in humans and reduce the efficiency of antiepileptic drugs. Little is known,
Adult brain networks generate a wide range of oscillations. Some of these are behaviourally relevant, whereas others occur during seizures and other pathological conditions. This raises the question of how physiological oscillations differ from pathogenic ones. In this review, this issue is
Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) antagonist, is a convulsant drug, known to induce anxiety and seizures in zebrafish. Changes in the mobility of zebrafish under light-dark transitions reflect anxiety level, serving as a useful behavioral readout. The effects of PTZ treatment have yet
Rickets due to malnutrition is rare in Denmark. The Danish Board of Health recommend that: pregnant women are treated with a daily dose of vitamin D daily (10 micrograms); emigrants with coloured skin have their vitamin D level assessed during pregnancy; all children receive a daily dose of vitamin
BACKGROUND
Mouse lines are being selectively bred in replicate for high blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) achieved after limited access of ethanol (EtOH) drinking early in the circadian dark phase. High Drinking in the Dark-1 (HDID-1) mice are in selected generation S21, and the replicate HDID-2
BACKGROUND
Regarding the similar modulatory effects of both soy and tamoxifen on the actions of estrogen which have previously reported, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of these two estrogen like compounds alone and in combination on dark neuron production in hippocampal
Cell therapies are increasingly recognized as a promising option to augment the limited therapeutic arsenal available to fight ischemic stroke. During the last two decades, cumulating preclinical evidence has indicated a substantial efficacy for most cell treatment paradigms and first clinical
Calmodulin (CaM) through activation of CaM-kinase II may be involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying the epileptogenic processes. Some evidence suggests that kindling responses change across the day-night cycle. In order to test if kindling stimulation modifies CaM content, we measured CaM
Tuberous sclerosis is an inherited disease expressed clinically by the triad of mental retardation, seizures, and tuberous lesions. Facial angiofibromas, a common manifestation of tuberous sclerosis, can cause considerable cosmetic disfigurement, emotional distress, obstruction of vision, and
Distribution and time course of the occurrence of "dark" neurons were compared with the EEG activity and behavior of rats during 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) induced epileptic seizures. A crystal of the K(+) channel blocker 4-AP (0.5 mg/kg) was placed onto the exposed parieto-occipital cortex of
A few nanograms of tetanus toxin injected into a rat hippocampus causes a chronic epileptic syndrome characterized by brief seizures that recur intermittently for about 6 weeks. Cognitive and other behavioural impairments persist after the seizures and other epileptic electrographic activity have
Diurnal secretion profile of melatonin was studied by measuring multiple serum melatonin levels in three photosensitive epileptic children (group P) and eleven epileptic children without photosensitivity (group E). In the group E patients a normal fluctuation pattern of serum melatonin levels was
Spike-wave discharges (SWDs) are the main manifestation of absence epilepsy. Their occurrence is dependent on the behavioral state, and they preferentially occur during unstable vigilance periods. The present study investigated whether the occurrence of SWDs can be predicted by the preceding